Capsaicin (Ref: NCI-C56564) |
Last updated: 14/06/2024
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(Also known as: chilli pepper dust; Capsicum oleoresin; hot pepper extract; axsain; zacin) |
The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.
Environmental fate |
Ecotoxicity |
Human health |
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A botanical susbstances used as a bird, animal and insect repellent. |
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Mammals; Damaging insects |
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Vegetables; Turf; Ornamentals |
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Current |
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1816 first extracted; 1962, first registered USA |
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Not approved |
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Not applicable |
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No UK approval for use |
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414) |
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Not approved |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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No |
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ATAustria |
BEBelgium |
BGBulgaria |
CYCyprus |
CZCzech Republic |
DEGermany |
DKDenmark |
EEEstonia |
ELGreece |
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ESSpain |
FIFinland |
FRFrance |
HRCroatia |
HUHungary |
IEIreland |
ITItaly |
LTLithuania |
LULuxembourg |
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LVLatvia |
MTMalta |
NLNetherlands |
PLPoland |
PTPortugal |
RORomania |
SESweden |
SISlovenia |
SKSlovakia |
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ISIceland |
NONorway |
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Isomeric |
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C₁₈H₂₇NO₃ |
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CC(C)C=CCCCCC(=O)NCC1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)OC |
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CC(C)/C=C/CCCCC(=O)NCC1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)OC |
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YKPUWZUDDOIDPM-SOFGYWHQSA-N |
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InChI=1S/C18H27NO3/c1-14(2)8-6-4-5-7-9-18(21)19-13-15-10-11-16(20)17(12-15)22-3/h6,8,10-12,14,20H,4-5,7,9,13H2,1-3H3,(H,19,21)/b8-6+ |
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Yes |
Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre diagrams |
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Common Name |
Relationship |
Link |
capsaicin |
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Semiochemical, Insecticide, Miticide, Rodenticide |
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Plant-derived substance |
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Natural |
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In insects, capsaicin causes metabolic disruption, membrane damage and nervous system failure. Also has a physical repellent action. |
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Derived from plants belonging to the genus Capsicum including the Capsicum red chili pepper |
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Extracted from Capsicum plants |
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Crop protection; Household pest control; Land management |
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Mammals; Damaging insects |
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Vegetables; Turf; Ornamentals |
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Suitable for use in all farming systems where approved for use in that country |
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404-86-4 |
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206-969-8 |
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- |
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070701 |
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1548943 |
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305.42 |
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- |
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8-methyl-n-vanillyl-6-nonenamide |
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(E)-N-((4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-methyl)-8-methyl-6-nonenamide |
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- |
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- |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not known |
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Not applicable |
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- |
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Dark red waxy solid when pure with a volatile pungent odour |
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Capsaicin |
Aversion Technologies Inc., USA |
Hot Pepper Wax Natural Insect Repellent |
Hot Pepper Wax, Inc. |
Amorex |
Soil Technologies |
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Available as granular, dust and liquid formulations with capsaicin alone or in combination with other active biopesticides |
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10.3 |
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Low |
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65 |
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215 |
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112.8 |
E3 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets 3 = Unverified data of known source (closed cup) |
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3.02 X 1000 |
Calculated |
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0.48 |
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Low |
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5 |
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Non-persistent |
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General literature quote soil DT₅₀ as between 2 and 8 days on sandy loam soil |
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. |
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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Slightly mobile |
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1100 |
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Known groundwater metabolites |
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None
None
Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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97.4 |
Mouse |
High |
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> 0.1 |
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
High |
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HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION |
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High (class III) |
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97.4 |
Mouse |
High |
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515 |
Mouse |
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Intraperitoneal LD₅₀ = 9.5 mg kg⁻¹ |
Rat |
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Subcutaneous LD₅₀ = 9.0 mg kg⁻¹ |
Mouse |
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May occur by ingestion of foods containing paprika or cayenne spices which contain this compound |
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May occur through dermal contact |
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Carcinogen |
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Endocrine disruptor |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
A0 A = Chromosome aberration (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; B0 B = DNA damage/repair (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; C0 C = Gene mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; D0 D = Genome mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; E1 E = Unspecified genotoxicity type (miscellaneous data source) 1 = Positive |
No data found |
Reproduction / development effects |
Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor |
Neurotoxicant |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
?Possibly, status not identified |
Respiratory tract irritant |
Skin irritant |
Skin sensitiser |
✓Yes, known to cause a problem |
✓Yes, known to cause a problem |
?Possibly, status not identified |
Eye irritant |
Phototoxicant |
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✓Yes, known to cause a problem |
No data found |
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May cause vomiting and diarrhoea May cause breathing difficulties May cause significant pulmonary irritation and prolonged cough Studies suggest the carcinogenic potential of capsaicin is quite low |
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Corrosive IMDG Transport Hazard Class 6.1 |
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Not listed (Not listed) |
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UN2811 |
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Packaging Group III (minor danger) |
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capsaicin |
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Record last updated: |
14/06/2024 |
Contact: |
aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: |
Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |