Heterorhabditis bacteriophora |
Last updated: 12/06/2024
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(Also known as: Heterorhabditis heliothidis) |
The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.
Environmental fate |
Ecotoxicity |
Human health |
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A naturally occurring soil entomopathogenic parasitic nematode active against a wide range of insect pests |
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Japanese beetles (Popillia japonica Newman); Garden chafer (Phyllopertha horticola); Vine weevil (Otiorhynchus sulcatus) |
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Crops; Ornamentals; Turf; Trees |
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Nematodes juveniles enter their prey though natural openings to develop and as they grow they release a toxic symbiotic bacterium (Photorhabdus luminescens) which eventually kills the host insect. The parasite juveniles feed on the bacteria and the host insect remains. They mature, mate and produce infective juveniles that emerge from the cadaver 12-14 days after infection. |
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1976, introduced |
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Class: Secernentea; Order: Rhabditida; Family: Heterorhabditidae |
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Not applicable - use permitted without a licence |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414) |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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No |
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ATAustria |
BEBelgium |
BGBulgaria |
CYCyprus |
CZCzech Republic |
DEGermany |
DKDenmark |
EEEstonia |
ELGreece |
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ESSpain |
FIFinland |
FRFrance |
HRCroatia |
HUHungary |
IEIreland |
ITItaly |
LTLithuania |
LULuxembourg |
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LVLatvia |
MTMalta |
NLNetherlands |
PLPoland |
PTPortugal |
RORomania |
SESweden |
SISlovenia |
SKSlovakia |
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ISIceland |
NONorway |
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Not applicable |
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Yes |
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Insectivore, Nematode |
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Macro-organism |
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Natural |
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Parasitism and consumption. |
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The nematodes occur widely in temperate soils and were originally found in central Europe, Australia and North America. |
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Produced commerically by fermentation |
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Crop protection |
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Japanese beetles (Popillia japonica Newman); Garden chafer (Phyllopertha horticola); Vine weevil (Otiorhynchus sulcatus) |
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Crops; Ornamentals; Turf; Trees |
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Suitable for use in all farming systems where approved for use in that country |
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Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar |
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Most countries require a licence to be issued before non-native macro-organisms may be released as biocontrol agents |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Living organism |
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Hetromask |
BioLogic Co. |
Lawn Patrol |
HydroGardens Inc. |
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora |
Arbico |
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Usually supplied as water dispersible formulations |
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Not applicable |
Q4 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 4 = Verified data |
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. |
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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None
Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source No adverse effects identified or expected |
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Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source No adverse effects identified or expected |
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Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source No adverse effects identified or expected |
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Non-toxic |
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source No adverse effects identified or expected |
Non-toxic |
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Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source No adverse effects identified or expected |
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HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION |
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Not applicable |
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2000 |
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source Rat |
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Negligible risk to bystanders and consumers |
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Negligible risk to farm workers |
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Carcinogen |
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Endocrine disruptor |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
A0 A = Chromosome aberration (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; B0 B = DNA damage/repair (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; C0 C = Gene mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; D0 D = Genome mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; E3 E = Unspecified genotoxicity type (miscellaneous data source) 3 = Negative |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
Reproduction / development effects |
Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor |
Neurotoxicant |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
Respiratory tract irritant |
Skin irritant |
Skin sensitiser |
?Possibly, status not identified |
?Possibly, status not identified |
No data found |
Eye irritant |
Phototoxicant |
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?Possibly, status not identified |
No data found |
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May cause gastrointestinal problems if ingested |
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No information available |
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Not listed (Not listed) |
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Heterorhabditis bacteriophora |
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Record last updated: |
12/06/2024 |
Contact: |
aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: |
Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |