Maize glutens |
Last updated: 12/06/2024
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(Also known as: corn glutens; corn gluten meal; maize gluten meal) |
The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.
Environmental fate |
Ecotoxicity |
Human health |
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A protein dervived from maize kernels and used to control a range of weeds pre-emergence on non-food crops |
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Black medic; Crabgrass; Creeping bentgrass; Smart weed; Dandelions; Redroot bigweed; Plaintain; Purslane; Lambs quarter; Foxtail; Barnyard grass,; Bermuda grass |
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Lawns; Turf |
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Research into the efficiacy of maize glutens as a pre-emergence herbicide gives highly variable results. Some data suggests it can enhance the effectiveness of other herbicides. |
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Current |
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1993, first recognised as a biochemical; 2002, first registered as a herbicide USA |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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No UK approval for use |
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414) |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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No |
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ATAustria |
BEBelgium |
BGBulgaria |
CYCyprus |
CZCzech Republic |
DEGermany |
DKDenmark |
EEEstonia |
ELGreece |
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ESSpain |
FIFinland |
FRFrance |
HRCroatia |
HUHungary |
IEIreland |
ITItaly |
LTLithuania |
LULuxembourg |
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LVLatvia |
MTMalta |
NLNetherlands |
PLPoland |
PTPortugal |
RORomania |
SESweden |
SISlovenia |
SKSlovakia |
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ISIceland |
NONorway |
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Herbicide |
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Plant-derived substance |
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98% |
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Natural |
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Acts by hydrolysation of
gluten proteins in the preparation by soil microbes to
produce a number of different phytotoxic dipeptides preventing normal root development |
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Maize (Zea mays L.) kernels |
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A byproduct of maize wet milling |
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Lawn and turf management |
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Black medic; Crabgrass; Creeping bentgrass; Smart weed; Dandelions; Redroot bigweed; Plaintain; Purslane; Lambs quarter; Foxtail; Barnyard grass,; Bermuda grass |
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Lawns; Turf |
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IFM - where regulatory approvals exist |
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66071-96-3 |
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100137 |
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Maize glutens |
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Commonly used in many food/feed
products and in dietary supplements for humans and animals - US GRAS. It is exempt from the requirement of a tolerance [40CFR 180.950(a)] |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Yellow granules with a slight cereal odour |
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Wow Plus |
Gardens Alive Inc |
A-Maizing |
Gardens Alive Inc |
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Usually supplied as granules for application with a lawn spreader or similar |
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. |
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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None
Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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Non-toxic |
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Non-toxic |
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Non-toxic |
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HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION |
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Low (class I) |
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Carcinogen |
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Endocrine disruptor |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
A0 A = Chromosome aberration (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; B0 B = DNA damage/repair (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; C0 C = Gene mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; D0 D = Genome mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; E3 E = Unspecified genotoxicity type (miscellaneous data source) 3 = Negative |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
Reproduction / development effects |
Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor |
Neurotoxicant |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
Respiratory tract irritant |
Skin irritant |
Skin sensitiser |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
Eye irritant |
Phototoxicant |
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XNo, known not to cause a problem |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
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Considered safe |
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Not corrosive or explosive |
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Not listed (Not listed) |
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maize glutens |
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Record last updated: |
12/06/2024 |
Contact: |
aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: |
Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |