Gaiacwood oil |
Last updated: 12/06/2024
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(Also known as: Palo santo oil; oil of guaiac; guaiacum sanctum l. gum oil; bulnesia sarmienti extract) |
The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.
Environmental fate |
Ecotoxicity |
Human health |
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A semi-solid substance extracted from the Palosanto tree that can act as a general insect repellent |
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Mosquitos; Flies; Pollen beetles |
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Current |
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- |
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Class: Magnoliopsida; Order: Zygophyllales; Family: Zygophyllaceae; |
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Not approved |
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Not applicable |
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No UK approval for use |
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414) |
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Not approved |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Yes |
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ATAustria |
BEBelgium |
BGBulgaria |
CYCyprus |
CZCzech Republic |
DEGermany |
DKDenmark |
EEEstonia |
ELGreece |
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ESSpain |
FIFinland |
FRFrance |
HRCroatia |
HUHungary |
IEIreland |
ITItaly |
LTLithuania |
LULuxembourg |
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LVLatvia |
MTMalta |
NLNetherlands |
PLPoland |
PTPortugal |
RORomania |
SESweden |
SISlovenia |
SKSlovakia |
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ISIceland |
NONorway |
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A major constituent guaiol is isomeric |
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No |
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Insecticide, Semiochemical |
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Plant-derived substance; Plant oil |
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Natural; Complex mixture |
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Non-toxic mode of action - repellency via odour |
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An oil from the Palosanto tree (Bulnesia sarmienti) found in Latin America |
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The oil is produced through steam distillation of a mixture of wood and sawdust from the Palosanto tree |
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Public health; General insect control |
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Mosquitos; Flies; Pollen beetles |
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- |
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8016-23-7 |
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289-632-8 |
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gaiacwood oil |
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FEMA=2534 |
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- |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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- |
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It is a yellow to greenish yellow semi-solid mass with a rose-like odour. is primarily composed of guaiol (40-70%), bulnesol, bulnesene, alpha-guaiene, guaioxide and beta-patchoulene. |
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Ready-to-use formulations |
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1.27 |
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Low |
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42 |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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229 |
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139 |
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3.72 X 1004 |
Calculated |
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4.57 |
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High |
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0.965 |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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130 |
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Highly volatile. If applied directly to plants or soil, drift is a concern & mitigation is advisable |
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. |
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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None
Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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> 5000 |
Rat |
Low |
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5.0 |
Daphnia magna |
Moderate |
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21.0 |
Unknown species |
Low |
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HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION |
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> 5000 |
Rat |
Low |
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5000 |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source Rabbit |
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Carcinogen |
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Endocrine disruptor |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
A0 A = Chromosome aberration (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; B0 B = DNA damage/repair (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; C0 C = Gene mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; D0 D = Genome mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; E3 E = Unspecified genotoxicity type (miscellaneous data source) 3 = Negative |
No data found |
Reproduction / development effects |
Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor |
Neurotoxicant |
No data found |
No data found |
No data found |
Respiratory tract irritant |
Skin irritant |
Skin sensitiser |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
✓Yes, known to cause a problem |
?Possibly, status not identified |
Eye irritant |
Phototoxicant |
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✓Yes, known to cause a problem |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
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No information available |
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Not explosive or oxidising Not compatible with strong oxidising agents IMDG Transport Hazard Class 9 |
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Health: H315, H317 Environment: H400, H410 |
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Not listed (Not listed) |
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UN3082 |
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Packaging group III (minor danger) |
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Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light. Shelf life is around 2 years. |
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gaiacwood oil |
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Record last updated: |
12/06/2024 |
Contact: |
aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: |
Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |