1,4-dioxane |

Last updated: 21/09/2023
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(Also known as: dioxane; diethylene dioxide; 1,4-diethylene dioxide; diethylene ether; glycol ethylene ether) |
The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.
Environmental fate |
Ecotoxicity |
Human health |
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Primarily used as a solvent for the manufacturing sector but it is also found in fumigants and used as an automotive coolant. |
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- |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414) |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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No |
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ATAustria |
BEBelgium |
BGBulgaria |
CYCyprus |
CZCzech Republic |
DEGermany |
DKDenmark |
EEEstonia |
ELGreece |
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ESSpain |
FIFinland |
FRFrance |
HRCroatia |
HUHungary |
IEIreland |
ITItaly |
LTLithuania |
LULuxembourg |
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LVLatvia |
MTMalta |
NLNetherlands |
PLPoland |
PTPortugal |
RORomania |
SESweden |
SISlovenia |
SKSlovakia |
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- |
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C₄H₈O₂ |
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C1COCCO1 |
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No data |
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RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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InChI=1S/C4H8O2/c1-2-6-4-3-5-1/h1-4H2 |
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Yes |
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Other substance |
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Solvent, Fumigant, Foaming agent |
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Cyclic ether |
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- |
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- |
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Synthetic |
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Not applicable |
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123-91-1 |
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204-661-8 |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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88.11 |
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- |
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1,4-dioxane |
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1,4-dioxane |
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Groundwater pollutant |
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- |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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- |
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Colourless, clear liquid |
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Miscible |
R3 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Miscible |
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Miscible |
Acetone |
- |
Miscible |
Methanol |
- |
Miscible |
Ethanol |
- |
Miscible |
n-Octanol |
- |
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11.8 |
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- |
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101.1 |
P3 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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18.3 |
(open cup) |
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5.37 X 10-01 |
Calculated |
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-0.27 |
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Low |
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- |
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1.034 |
P3 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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-2.92 |
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. |
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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R3 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Mobile |
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29 |
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Koc for clay soil |
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Cannot be calculated |
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Known soil and groundwater metabolites |
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None
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beta-hydroxyethoxyacetic acid |
HEAA |
Animal |
- |
Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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> 7120 |
E3 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets 3 = Unverified data of known source Rat |
Low |
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> 3494 |
Lepomis macrochirus |
Low |
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> 8450 |
Daphnia magna |
Low |
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3200 |
Chlorococcales spp. |
Low |
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HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION |
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High (class III) |
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> 7120 |
E3 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets 3 = Unverified data of known source Rat |
Low |
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EU MRL pesticide database |
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Carcinogen |
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Endocrine disruptor |
✓Yes, known to cause a problem |
A0 A = Chromosome aberration (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; B0 B = DNA damage/repair (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; C0 C = Gene mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; D0 D = Genome mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; E0 E = Unspecified genotoxicity type (miscellaneous data source) 0 = No data |
No data found |
Reproduction / development effects |
Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor |
Neurotoxicant |
No data found |
No data found |
✓Yes, known to cause a problem |
Respiratory tract irritant |
Skin irritant |
Skin sensitiser |
✓Yes, known to cause a problem |
?Possibly, status not identified |
No data found |
Eye irritant |
Phototoxicant |
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✓Yes, known to cause a problem |
No data found |
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Liver and kidney toxicant Over exposure may cause corneal injury CLP data - known human carcinogen; US NTP - suspected carcinogen |
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Flammable and potentially explosive Hygroscopic Corrosive IMDG Transport Hazard Class 3 |
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Handling: H225 Health: H319, H335, H350 |
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Not listed (Not listed) |
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UN1165 |
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Packaging Group II (moderate danger) |
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1,4-dioxane |
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1,4-dioxanne |
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1,4-Dioxan |
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- |
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1,4-diossano |
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dioksan |
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1,4-dioxaan |
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Record last updated: |
21/09/2023 |
Contact: |
aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: |
Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |