Flupyradifurone (Ref: BYI 02960)

Flupyradifurone (Ref: BYI 02960)	Last updated: 29/08/2024
(Not known by any other names)

SUMMARY

Data alerts

The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.

Environmental fate	Ecotoxicity	Human health
Environmental fate High alert: Persistent; GUS: High leachability	Ecotoxicity Moderate alert: Birds acute ecotoxicity: Moderate; Fish acute ecotoxicity: Moderate; Fish chronic ecotoxicity: Moderate; Daphnia acute ecotoxicity: Moderate; Daphnia chronic ecotoxicity: Moderate; Bees acute oral ecotoxicity: Moderate; Earthworms acute ecotoxicity: Moderate	Human health Moderate alert: Mammals acute toxicity: Moderate; Reproduction/development effects

GENERAL INFORMATION

Description

An insecticide used to control sucking pests in a variety of cropping situations.

Example pests controlled

Aphids, Hoppers, Whiteflies, Cicadas, Colorado potato beetle, Squash bugs, Psyllids.

Example applications

Vegetables; Fruits; Grapes; Date palm; Coffee; Cocoa

Efficacy & activity

Availability status

Current

Introduction & key dates

2012 discovered

UK regulatory status

UK COPR regulatory status

Approved

Date COPR inclusion expires

09/12/2025

UK LERAP status

None

EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414)

EC Regulation 1107/2009 status

Approved

Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur

Netherlands

Date EC 1107/2009 inclusion expires

09/12/2025

EU Candidate for substitution (CfS)

Listed in EU database

Yes

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 in the following EU Member States

ATAustria	BEBelgium	BGBulgaria	CYCyprus	CZCzech Republic	DEGermany	DKDenmark	EEEstonia	ELGreece
✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓		✓
ESSpain	FIFinland	FRFrance	HRCroatia	HUHungary	IEIreland	ITItaly	LTLithuania	LULuxembourg
✓	✓		✓	✓		✓	✓	✓
LVLatvia	MTMalta	NLNetherlands	PLPoland	PTPortugal	RORomania	SESweden	SISlovenia	SKSlovakia
✓	✓	✓	✓	✓		✓	✓

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 by Mutual Recognition of Authorisation and/or national regulations in the following EEA countries

ISIceland	NONorway
	✓

Additional information

Also used in

USA, Iran, Morocco

Chemical structure

Isomerism

None

Chemical formula

C₁₂H₁₁ClF₂N₂O₂

Canonical SMILES

C1C(=CC(=O)O1)N(CC2=CN=C(C=C2)Cl)CC(F)F

Isomeric SMILES

International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey)

QOIYTRGFOFZNKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N

International Chemical Identifier (InChI)

InChI=1S/C11H9ClF2N2O2/c12-9-2-1-7(4-15-9)16(5-10(13)14)8-3-11(17)18-6-8/h1-4,10H,5-6H2

2D structure diagram/image available?

Yes

General status

Pesticide type

Insecticide

Substance groups

Organofluoride insecticide; Monochloropyridine insecticide; butenolide Insecticide

Minimum active substance purity

>960 g kg⁻¹

Known relevant impurities

EU Dossier: none delcared

Substance origin

Synthetic

Mode of action

Systemic. It is an adult knockdown product that also offers some control of nymph and egg stages. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) channel blocker.

CAS RN

951659-40-8

EC number

804-373-8

CIPAC number

987

US EPA chemical code

122304

PubChem CID

16752772

CLP index number

607-741-00-4

Molecular mass

288.68

PIN (Preferred Identification Name)

4-([(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl](2,2-difluoroethyl)amino)furan-2(5H)-one

IUPAC name

4-((6-chloro-3-pyridylmethyl)(2,2-difluoroethyl)amino)furan-2(5H)-one

CAS name

4-(((6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl)(2,2-difluoroethyl)amino)-2(5H)-furanone

Other status information

Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards

Herbicide Resistance Class (HRAC MoA class)

Not applicable

Herbicide Resistance Class (WSSA MoA class)

Not applicable

Insecticide Resistance Class (IRAC MoA class)

Fungicide Resistance Class (FRAC MOA class)

Not applicable

Examples of recorded resistance

Physical state

White powder with weak, uncharacteristic odour at 99.4% purity

Formulations

Property

Value

Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically

Bayer CropScience

Example products using this active

Sivanto
Provanto AL

Formulation and application details

The main available formulations are those for foliar and drench/drip use and a seed treatment

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Solubility - In water at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

3200

High

Solubility - In organic solvents at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

0.05

n-Heptane

3700

Toluene

250000

Ethyl acetate

250000

Methanol

Melting point (°C)

69.0

Boiling point (°C)

Decomposes before boiling

Degradation point (°C)

270

Flashpoint (°C)

Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20 °C

1.58 X 10⁰¹

Calculated

Log P

1.2

at 25 °C

Low

Fat solubility of residues

Solubility

Insoluble

Data type

Regulatory data - observed in metabolism and farm animal feeding studies

Density (g ml⁻¹)

1.43

Dissociation constant pKa) at 25 °C

No dissociation

Vapour pressure at 20 °C (mPa)

9.1 X 10^-04

Low volatility

Henry's law constant at 25 °C (Pa m³ mol⁻¹)

8.2 X 10^-08

Non-volatile

Volatilisation as max % of applied dose lost

From plant surface

From soil surface

Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹

pH 7.0: 213nm=9615; 259nm=25800
pH 2.0: 214nm=9389, 259nm=26577
pH 10.0: 213nm=9996; 259nm=25955

Surface tension (mN m⁻¹)

Degradation

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

General biodegradability

Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)

DT₅₀ (typical)

57.1

Moderately persistent

DT₅₀ (lab at 20 °C)

57.1

Moderately persistent

DT₅₀ (field)

130

Persistent

DT₉₀ (lab at 20 °C)

522.5

Very persistent

DT₉₀ (field)

DT₅₀ modelling endpoint

Note

EU dossier lab studies DT₅₀ range 38.6-210 days, DT₉₀ range 209-898 days, Soils =16; Manufacturers data DT₅₀ lab studies range 33-371 days; DT₅₀ field ranges 8.3 - 251 days

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ (days) on plant matrix

Value

Note

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ (days) on and in plant matrix

Value

Note

Aqueous photolysis DT₅₀ (days) at pH 7

Value

0.35

Fast

Note

Aqueous hydrolysis DT₅₀ (days) at 20 °C and pH 7

Value

Note

Water-sediment DT₅₀ (days)

230

Slow

Water phase only DT₅₀ (days)

31.4

Stable

Air degradation

As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below.

Decay in stored produce DT₅₀

Soil adsorption and mobility

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Linear

K_d (mL g⁻¹)

Moderately mobile

K_oc (mL g⁻¹)

98.4

Notes and range

Data for European and US soils; Brazilian soils K_oc = 333 mL g⁻¹

Freundlich

K_f (mL g⁻¹)

2.26

Moderately mobile

K_foc (mL g⁻¹)

98.4

¹/_n

0.866

Notes and range

EU dossier K_f range 0.597-3.822 mL g⁻¹, K_foc range 85.2-132.2 mL g⁻¹, ¹/_n range 0.845-0.902, Soils=6

pH sensitivity

None

Fate indices

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

GUS leaching potential index

4.24

Calculated

High leachability

SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l⁻¹) for a 1 kg ha⁻¹ or 1 l ha⁻¹ application rate

Value

1.77 X 10⁰⁰

Calculated

Note

Potential for particle bound transport index

Medium

Calculated

Potential for loss via drain flow

Moderately mobile

Calculated

Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀ (hrs) as indicator of long-range air transport risk

4.4

Calculated using the Atkinson method. Assumed 1.5E+06 OH/cm³, 12 hr

Below the level of concern for long-range air transport

Bio-concentration factor

BCF (l kg⁻¹)

CT₅₀ (days)

Known soil metabolites

Metabolite

Major/Minor fraction

$Click here for further information on Major/Minor fraction$

Estimated maximum occurrence fraction

Notes

4-[(2,2-difluoroethyl)amino]furan-2(5H)-one

6-chloronicotinic acid (Ref: IC-0)

Major fraction

0.171

difluoroacetic acid

Major fraction

0.339

Known groundwater metabolites

Metabolite

EC SANCO/221/2000 relevancy

ADI (mg kg⁻¹ bodyweight day⁻¹)

WHO drinking water guidance value (μg L⁻¹ day⁻¹)

difluoroacetic acid

Not relevant

6-chloronicotinic acid (Ref: IC-0)

Not relevant

Other known metabolites

Metabolite name and reference

Aliases

Formation medium / Rate

Estimated maximum occurrence fraction

4-[(2,2-difluoroethyl)amino]furan-2(5H)-one

DFEAF

Plant; Livestock; Water

(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methanol

CHMP

flupyradifuronehydroxy

BYI 02960-hydroxy

flupyradifuronesuccinamide

BYI 02960-succinamide

flupyradifuroneazabicyclosuccinamide

BYI 02960-azabicyclosuccinamide

ECOTOXICOLOGY

Terrestrial ecotoxicology

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 300

Rat

Moderate

Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL

(mg kg⁻¹)

(ppm diet)

Mammals - Chronic 21d NOAEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

Birds - Acute LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

232

Colinus virginianus

Moderate

Birds - Short term dietary (LC₅₀/LD₅₀)

Birds - Chronic 21d NOEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

185.6

Eisenia foetida

Moderate

Earthworms - Chronic NOEC, reproduction (mg kg⁻¹)

Soil micro-organisms

Nitrogen mineralisation: No significant adverse effect
Carbon mineralisation: No significant adverse effect

Dose: 3.34 mg kg⁻¹ soil 28 Day

Collembola

Acute LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Chronic NOEC (mg kg⁻¹)

Non-target plants

Honeybees (Apis spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 200

Apis mellifera

Low

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

1.2

Apis mellifera

Moderate

Unknown mode acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Chronic

Bumblebees (Bombus spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 100

Bombus terrestris

Low

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 1.7

Bombus impatiens 48 hr

Moderate

Mason bees (Osmia spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

10.59

Osmia bicornis

Moderate

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Other bee species (1)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Other bee species (2)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Beneficial insects (Ladybirds) as Mortality LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

273.9

Coccinella septempunctata Larva

Beneficial insects (Lacewings)

Beneficial insects (Parasitic wasps) as Mortality LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

< 0.5

Aphidius rhopalosiphi

Beneficial insects (Predatory mites) as Mortality LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

17.3

Typhlodromus pyri

Beneficial insects (Ground beetles)

Aquatic ecotoxicology

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Temperate Freshwater Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

> 70.5

Pimephales promelas

Moderate

Temperate Freshwater Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

4.4

Pimephales promelas

Moderate

Tropical Freshwater Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Temperate Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

> 77.6

Daphnia magna

Moderate

Temperate Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

3.2

Daphnia magna

Moderate

Tropical Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg⁻¹)

Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC₅₀, biomass (mg l⁻¹)

> 67.7

Lemna gibba

Low

Algae - Acute 72 hour EC₅₀, growth (mg l⁻¹)

> 100

Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata

Low

Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l⁻¹)

Mesocosm study data

NOEAEC mg l⁻¹

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION

General

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class)

High (class III)

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 300

Rat

Moderate

Mammals - Dermal LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹ body weight)

2000

Rat

Mammals - Inhalation LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

> 4.67

Rat

Other Mammal toxicity endpoints

ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.064

Rat SF=100

ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.15

Rabbit SF=100

AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.064

Rat SF=100

Dermal penetration studies (%)

0.4-17

concentration dependent

Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464

Exposure Routes

Public

Occupational

MRLs

European

EU MRL pesticide database

Great Britain

GB MRL Register

Notes

Drinking Water Standards

Drinking Water MAC (μg l⁻¹)

Mammalian dose elimination route and rate

Main route of excretion is renal

Health issues

Specific human health issues

Carcinogen

Genotoxic

Endocrine disruptor

; ; ; ;

Reproduction / development effects

Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor

Neurotoxicant

No data found

Respiratory tract irritant

Skin irritant

Skin sensitiser

No data found

Eye irritant

Phototoxicant

No data found

General human health issues

Liver and thyroid target organs

Handling issues

Property

Value and interpretation

General

Not explosive or oxidising
Not expected to auto-ignite; Not highly flammable

CLP classification 2013

Health: H302, H373
Environment: H400, H410, H412

WHO Classification

II (Moderately hazardous)

UN Number

Waste disposal & packaging

Shelf-life, storage, stability and reactivity

TRANSLATIONS

Language

Name

English

flupyradifurone

French

flupyradifurone

German

Danish

Italian

Spanish

Greek

Polish

Swedish

Hungarian

Dutch

Norwegian

flupyradifuron

Record last updated:	29/08/2024
Contact:	aeru@herts.ac.uk
Please cite as:	Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242