Nicosulfuron (Ref: DPX V9360)

Nicosulfuron (Ref: DPX V9360)	Last updated: 13/11/2024
(Also known as: SL 950; MU 495; nicosulphuron; DPX V9636)

SUMMARY

Data alerts

The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.

Environmental fate	Ecotoxicity	Human health
Environmental fate High alert: GUS: High leachability; Drainflow: Mobile	Ecotoxicity Moderate alert: Birds chronic ecotoxicity: Moderate; Fish acute ecotoxicity: Moderate; Fish chronic ecotoxicity: Moderate; Daphnia acute ecotoxicity: Moderate; Daphnia chronic ecotoxicity: Moderate; Bees acute contact ecotoxicity: Moderate; Bees acute oral ecotoxicity: Moderate; Earthworms chronic ecotoxicity: Moderate	Human health Moderate alert: Possible Carcinogen

GENERAL INFORMATION

Description

A post-emergence herbicide used to control annual broadleaved weeds and grasses in maize crops

Example pests controlled

Perennial grasses including Johnson grass (Sorghum halepense); Couch grass (Agropyron repens)

Example applications

Maize

Efficacy & activity

Availability status

Current

Introduction & key dates

1990, first registered USA; 1992, launched France

GB regulatory status

GB COPR regulatory status

Approved

Date COPR inclusion expires

31/12/2028

GB LERAP status

Check label - may vary with formulation

EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414)

EC Regulation 1107/2009 status

Approved

Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur

Latvia/Netherlands

Date EC 1107/2009 inclusion expires

31/03/2027

EU Candidate for substitution (CfS)

Yes - two 'Persistent-Bioaccumulative-Toxic' criteria

Listed in EU database

Yes

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 in the following EU Member States

ATAustria	BEBelgium	BGBulgaria	CYCyprus	CZCzech Republic	DEGermany	DKDenmark	EEEstonia	ELGreece
✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓		✓	✓
ESSpain	FIFinland	FRFrance	HRCroatia	HUHungary	IEIreland	ITItaly	LTLithuania	LULuxembourg
✓		✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓
LVLatvia	MTMalta	NLNetherlands	PLPoland	PTPortugal	RORomania	SESweden	SISlovenia	SKSlovakia
✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓		✓	✓

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 by Mutual Recognition of Authorisation and/or national regulations in the following EEA countries

ISIceland	NONorway

Additional information

Also used in

Egypt, Morocco

Chemical structure

Isomerism

None

Chemical formula

C₁₅H₁₈N₆O₆S

Canonical SMILES

CN(C)C(=O)C1=C(N=CC=C1)S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)NC2=NC(=CC(=N2)OC)OC

Isomeric SMILES

No data

International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey)

RTCOGUMHFFWOJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N

International Chemical Identifier (InChI)

InChI=1S/C15H18N6O6S/c1-21(2)13(22)9-6-5-7-16-12(9)28(24,25)20-15(23)19-14-17-10(26-3)8-11(18-14)27-4/h5-8H,1-4H3,(H2,17,18,19,20,23)

2D structure diagram/image available?

Yes

Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre diagrams

Common Name	Relationship	Link
nicosulfuron monohydrate	Hydrate

General status

Pesticide type

Herbicide

Substance groups

Sulfonylurea herbicide; Pyrimidinylsulfonylurea herbicide

Minimum active substance purity

910 g kg⁻¹

Known relevant impurities

EU dossier - None declared

Substance origin

Synthetic

Mode of action

Selective, systemic absorbed by foliage and roots and translocated. Inhibits plant amino acid synthesis - acetohydroxyacid synthase AHAS

CAS RN

111991-09-4

EC number

601-148-4

CIPAC number

709

US EPA chemical code

129008

PubChem CID

73281

CLP index number

No data found

Molecular mass

410.41

PIN (Preferred Identification Name)

IUPAC name

2-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-ylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl]-N,N-dimethylnicotinamide

CAS name

2-(((((4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)amino)carbonyl)amino)sulfonyl)-N,N-dimethyl-3-pyridinecarboxamide

Other status information

PAN listed Highly Hazardous Chemical

Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards

Herbicide Resistance Class (HRAC MoA class)

Herbicide Resistance Class (WSSA MoA class)

Insecticide Resistance Class (IRAC MoA class)

Not applicable

Fungicide Resistance Class (FRAC MOA class)

Not applicable

Examples of recorded resistance

Amaranthus hybridus, Bidens subalternans, Euphorbia heterophylla

Physical state

Colourless to pale yellow powdery solid

Formulations

Property

Value

Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically

Clayton
Delta Gamma Agro
Ellagret
ISK Biosciences
Standon
Syngenta
BOC Sciences

Example products using this active

Beliur 4 SC
Bucket 4 SC
Milagro
Samson

Formulation and application details

Often supplied as a soluble concentrate or oil dispersion for use as a spray

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Solubility - In water at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

90700

at 25 °C

High

Solubility - In organic solvents at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

14900

Acetone

16500

1,2-Dichloromethane

356

Methanol

2230

Ethyl acetate

Melting point (°C)

183.3

Boiling point (°C)

Decomposes before boiling

Degradation point (°C)

150

Flashpoint (°C)

Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20 °C

6.92 X 10^-03

Calculated

Log P

-2.16

Low

Fat solubility of residues

Solubility

Regulatory data

Data type

Density (g ml⁻¹)

0.31

Dissociation constant pKa) at 25 °C

4.78

Weak acid; pKa (2) 7.58 Weak acid

Vapour pressure at 20 °C (mPa)

6.0 X 10^-03

at 25°C

Low volatility

Henry's law constant at 25 °C (Pa m³ mol⁻¹)

1.7 X 10^-04

Non-volatile

Volatilisation as max % of applied dose lost

From plant surface

6.2

24 hr

Volatilisation is not considered critical for air pollution

From soil surface

8.3

24 hr

Volatilisation is not considered critical for air pollution

Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹

Neutral solution: 240nm = 17946, 256nm=15168
Acidic solution: 206nm=31133, 240nm=15284, 256nm=13122
Basic solution: 240nm = 20823

Surface tension (mN m⁻¹)

71.0

at 20°C

Degradation

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

General biodegradability

Not readily biodegradable

Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)

DT₅₀ (typical)

29.5

Non-persistent

DT₅₀ (lab at 20 °C)

29.5

Non-persistent

DT₅₀ (field)

13.5

Non-persistent

DT₉₀ (lab at 20 °C)

127.9

Persistent

DT₉₀ (field)

76.7

DT₅₀ modelling endpoint

Note

EU 2022 dossier lab studies DT₅₀ (normalised) range 5.1-115.5 day, DT₉₀ (measured) range 21.0-306.2 days, Soils=20; Field studies DT₅₀ (measured) range 7.15-61.6 days, DT₉₀ (measured) range 23.8-204.6 days, Soils=8; Other sources: DT₅₀ 24-43 days (R3), 21 days (F3)

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ (days) on plant matrix

Value

Note

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ (days) on and in plant matrix

Value

0.63

Note

Maize, grain, n=1

Aqueous photolysis DT₅₀ (days) at pH 7

Value

Stable

Note

Aqueous hydrolysis DT₅₀ (days) at 20 °C and pH 7

Value

Stable

Note

Stable pH 7 and pH 9, DT₅₀: 15 days at pH 5. Important degradation route under acid conditions.

Water-sediment DT₅₀ (days)

60.6

Moderately fast

Water phase only DT₅₀ (days)

83.8

Stable

Air degradation

As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below.

Decay in stored produce DT₅₀

Soil adsorption and mobility

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Linear

K_d (mL g⁻¹)

0.73

Mobile

K_oc (mL g⁻¹)

Notes and range

EU 2022 dossier K_d range 0.17-1.95 mL g⁻¹, K_oc range 23-78 mL g⁻¹, Soils=7

Freundlich

K_f (mL g⁻¹)

0.52

Mobile

K_foc (mL g⁻¹)

25.0

¹/_n

0.94

Notes and range

EU 2022 dossier kf range 0.05-1.73 mL g⁻¹, K_foc range7.8-69.5 mL g⁻¹, ¹/_n range 0.82-1.26, Soils =29; Other studies: Mean of 4 soils. Speyer 2.1 K_f=0.05; Speyer 2.2 K_f=0.2; Itingen II K_f=0.73; Les Evouettes K_f=0.19

pH sensitivity

None, some correlation with soil clay content

Fate indices

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

GUS leaching potential index

2.94

Calculated

High leachability

SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l⁻¹) for a 1 kg ha⁻¹ or 1 l ha⁻¹ application rate

Value

1.38 X 10^-01

Calculated

Note

Potential for particle bound transport index

Low

Calculated

Potential for loss via drain flow

Mobile

Calculated

Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀ (hrs) as indicator of long-range air transport risk

0.585

Calculated using the Atkinson method. Assumed 1.5E+06 OH/cm³, 12 hr

Below the level of concern for long-range air transport

Bio-concentration factor

BCF (l kg⁻¹)

Low risk

Based on LogP < 3

Low risk

CT₅₀ (days)

No data

Known soil metabolites

Metabolite

Major/Minor fraction

$Click here for further information on Major/Minor fraction$

Estimated maximum occurrence fraction

Notes

2-[[(3,4-dihydro-6-methoxy-4-oxopyrimidin-2-yl]aminocarbonyl]aminosulfonyl]-N, N-dimethyl-3-pyridinecarboxamide (Ref: IN-37740)

Major fraction

0.359

2-[[[[(aminoiminomethyl) amino]carbonyl]amino] sulfonyl]-N,N-dimethyl-3-pyridinecarboxamide (Ref: IN-HYY21)

Major fraction

0.349

2-aminosulphonyl-N, N-dimethyl-3-pyridinecarboxamide (Ref: IN-V9367)

Major fraction

0.852

2-[[[[(aminocarbonyl) amino] carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]-N,N-dimethyl-3-pyridinecarboxamide (Ref: IN-GDC42)

Major fraction

0.156

2-amino-4,6-dimethoxypyrimidine (Ref: AE-F092944)

Major fraction

0.488

2-aminosulphonyl-N-methyl-3-pyridinecarboxamide (Ref: IN-64859)

Minor fraction

2-[(aminocarbonyl) [4-methoxy-6-(methyldioxy)-2-pyrimidinyl]amino]-N, N -dimethyl-3-pyridinecarboxamide (Ref: IN-77799)

Minor fraction

2-[[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-aminocarbonyl]aminosulfonyl]-N-methyl-3-pyridinecarboxamide (Ref: IN-W9807)

Minor fraction

2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)-amino]-N,N-dimethyl-3-pyridinecarboxamide (Ref: IN-74427)

Minor fraction

2-sulfamoylpyridine-3-carboxamide (Ref: IN-37742)

Minor fraction

1-(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4-dione (Ref: IN-69188)

Minor fraction

Known groundwater metabolites

Metabolite

EC SANCO/221/2000 relevancy

ADI (mg kg⁻¹ bodyweight day⁻¹)

WHO drinking water guidance value (μg L⁻¹ day⁻¹)

2-[[(3,4-dihydro-6-methoxy-4-oxopyrimidin-2-yl]aminocarbonyl]aminosulfonyl]-N, N-dimethyl-3-pyridinecarboxamide (Ref: IN-37740)

Not relevant

2-[[[[(aminoiminomethyl) amino]carbonyl]amino] sulfonyl]-N,N-dimethyl-3-pyridinecarboxamide (Ref: IN-HYY21)

Not relevant

2-aminosulphonyl-N, N-dimethyl-3-pyridinecarboxamide (Ref: IN-V9367)

Not relevant

2-[[[[(aminocarbonyl) amino] carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]-N,N-dimethyl-3-pyridinecarboxamide (Ref: IN-GDC42)

Not relevant

2-aminosulphonyl-N-methyl-3-pyridinecarboxamide (Ref: IN-64859)

Not relenat

Other known metabolites

Metabolite name and reference

Aliases

Formation medium / Rate

Estimated maximum occurrence fraction

2-[[(3,4-dihydro-6-methoxy-4-oxopyrimidin-2-yl]aminocarbonyl]aminosulfonyl]-N, N-dimethyl-3-pyridinecarboxamide (Ref: IN-37740)
Note: EFSA, 2022

HMUD

Water; Sediment

2-aminosulphonyl-N-methyl-3-pyridinecarboxamide (Ref: IN-64859)
Note: EFSA, 2022

MU-466

Water; Animal

2-[[[[(aminoiminomethyl) amino]carbonyl]amino] sulfonyl]-N,N-dimethyl-3-pyridinecarboxamide (Ref: IN-HYY21)
Note: EFSA, 2022

AUSN

Water; Sediment; Rat; Plant

2-[[[[(aminocarbonyl) amino] carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]-N,N-dimethyl-3-pyridinecarboxamide (Ref: IN-GDC42)
Note: EFSA, 2022

UCSN

Rat; Water; Sediment

2-aminosulphonyl-N, N-dimethyl-3-pyridinecarboxamide (Ref: IN-V9367)
Note: EFSA, 2022

ASDM

Animal; Water; Sediment; Plant

2-[(aminocarbonyl) [4-methoxy-6-(methyldioxy)-2-pyrimidinyl]amino]-N, N -dimethyl-3-pyridinecarboxamide (Ref: IN-77799)
Note: EFSA, 2022

DUDN

Animal; Water

2-amino-4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine (Ref: IN-H1043)
Note: EFSA, 2022

ADHP

Water

2-[[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-aminocarbonyl]aminosulfonyl]-N-methyl-3-pyridinecarboxamide (Ref: IN-W9807)
Note: EFSA, 2022

MU-467

Animal; Plant

1-(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4-dione (Ref: IN-69188)
Note: EFSA, 2022

DDTP

Animal

2-amino-4,6-dimethoxy-5-hydroxypyrimidine (Ref: IN-69190)
Note: EFSA, 2022

AHDP

Animal

2-(aminosulphonyl)-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid
Note: EFSA, 2022

SNA

Animal

2-amino-4,6-dimethoxypyrimidine (Ref: AE-F092944)
Note: EFSA, 2022

ADMP

Animal; Water; Plant

ECOTOXICOLOGY

Terrestrial ecotoxicology

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 5000

Rat

Low

Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL

(mg kg⁻¹)

> 358

Rat

Moderate

(ppm diet)

> 50000

Mammals - Chronic 21d NOAEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

> 3302

Rat Reproductive NOAEL

Low

Birds - Acute LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 2000

Colinus virginianus

Low

Birds - Short term dietary (LC₅₀/LD₅₀)

> 1603 mg kg bw⁻¹ day⁻¹

Colinus virginianus

Birds - Chronic 21d NOEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

171

Coturnix japonica NOEC

Moderate

Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 1000

Eisenia foetida

Low

Earthworms - Chronic NOEC, reproduction (mg kg⁻¹)

100

Eisenia foetida

Moderate

Soil micro-organisms

Nitrogen mineralisation: No significant adverse effect
Carbon mineralisation: No significant adverse effect

Dose: 0.08 mg kg⁻¹ soil 29 Day

Collembola

Acute LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Chronic NOEC (mg kg⁻¹)

0.1

Folsomia foetida

Non-target plants

0.47

Rice
Vegetative vigour, ER₅₀
as g ha⁻¹

Honeybees (Apis spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 50

Apis mellifera

Moderate

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 22.4

Apis mellifera

Moderate

Unknown mode acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Chronic 10d LDD₅₀

> 11.43

Apis mellifera

Bumblebees (Bombus spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 50.0

Bombus terrestris

Moderate

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 35.96

Bombus terrestris

Moderate

Mason bees (Osmia spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Other bee species (1)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Other bee species (2)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Beneficial insects (Ladybirds) Mortality LR₅₀

> 120

Coccinella septempunctata

Beneficial insects (Lacewings) Mortality LR₅₀

> 60

Chrysoperla carnea

Beneficial insects (Parasitic wasps) as Mortality LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

Aphidius rhopalosiphi Adult

Beneficial insects (Predatory mites) as Mortality LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

Typhlodromus pyri Protonymph

Beneficial insects (Ground beetles) Mortality LR₅₀

> 60

Poecilus cupreus

Aquatic ecotoxicology

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Temperate Freshwater Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

65.7

Oncorhynchus mykiss

Moderate

Temperate Freshwater Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

10.0

Oncorhynchus mykiss

Moderate

Tropical Freshwater Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Temperate Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

90.0

Daphnia magna

Moderate

Temperate Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

5.2

Daphnia magna

Moderate

Tropical Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg⁻¹)

Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC₅₀, biomass (mg l⁻¹)

0.002

Lemna gibba

High

Algae - Acute 72 hour EC₅₀, growth (mg l⁻¹)

71.2

Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata

Low

Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l⁻¹)

100

Unknown species

Low

Mesocosm study data

NOEAEC mg l⁻¹

Marine bivalves – LOEC (mg l⁻¹)

17.0

Crassostrea gigas

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION

General

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class)

High (class III)

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 5000

Rat

Low

Mammals - Dermal LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹ body weight)

2000

Rat

Mammals - Inhalation LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

> 5.47

Rat 4 hr

Other Mammal toxicity endpoints

ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

5.64

Dog SF=100

ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

None allocated

AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

None allocated

AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.8

Dog SF=100 x 40%

Dermal penetration studies (%)

default

Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464

Exposure Routes

Public

Negligible risk to bystanders

Occupational

No unacceptable risks to operators or other farm workers identified

MRLs

European

EU MRL pesticide database

Great Britain

GB MRL Register

Notes

Drinking Water Standards

Drinking Water MAC (μg l⁻¹)

Mammalian dose elimination route and rate

Excretion is rapid, via faeces and urine

Health issues

Specific human health issues

Carcinogen

Genotoxic

Endocrine disruptor

; ; ; ;

Reproduction / development effects

Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor

Neurotoxicant

Respiratory tract irritant

Skin irritant

Skin sensitiser

Eye irritant

Phototoxicant

General human health issues

CLP data - suspected carcingen

Handling issues

Property

Value and interpretation

General

Not explosive or oxidising
IMDG Transport Hazard Class 9
Not expected to auto-ignite; Not highly flammable

CLP classification 2013

Environment: H400, H410

WHO Classification

U (Unlikely to present an acute hazard)

UN Number

UN3077

Waste disposal & packaging

Packaging Group III (minor danger)

Shelf-life, storage, stability and reactivity

Chemically stable under standard ambient conditions. Limited shelf-life.

TRANSLATIONS

Language

Name

English

nicosulfuron

French

nicosulfuron

German

Nicosulfuron

Danish

nicosulfuron

Italian

nicosolfuron

Spanish

nicosulfuron

Greek

Polish

nikosulfuron

Swedish

Hungarian

nikoszulfuron

Dutch

nicosulfuron

Norwegian

Record last updated:	13/11/2024
Contact:	aeru@herts.ac.uk
Please cite as:	Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242