Pentachlorophenol |
Last updated: 29/08/2024 |
(Also known as: PCP; penchlorol; chlorophen) |
SUMMARY |
Data alerts |
The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.
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A multi-action pesticide used to control wood boring insects, wood fungal rots and as a general herbicide | |
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Defoliant; Wood-damaging insects including termites; Timber rot | |
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Cotton; Utility wood structures such as railway sleepers, utility poles, fencing | |
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- | |
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Unknown | |
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circa 1936, introduced |
UK regulatory status |
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Not approved | ||
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Expired | ||
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No UK approval for use |
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414) |
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Not approved | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Not applicable | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Expired | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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- | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Additional information |
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Chemical structure |
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None | |
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C₆HCl₅O | |
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C1(=C(C(=C(C(=C1Cl)Cl)Cl)Cl)Cl)O | |
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No data | |
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IZUPBVBPLAPZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |
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InChI=1S/C6HCl5O/c7-1-2(8)4(10)6(12)5(11)3(1)9/h12H | |
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Yes |
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Common Name | Relationship | Link |
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pentachlorophenol | - |
General status |
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Insecticide, Herbicide, Fungicide, Molluscicide, Plant Growth Regulator, Other substance | |
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Wood preservative | |
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Organochloride insecticide; Organochloride herbicide; Organochloride fungicide | |
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- | |
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- | |
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Synthetic | |
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Accelerates aerobic metabolism and increases heat production | |
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87-86-5 | |
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201-778-6 | |
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106 | |
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063001 | |
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992 | |
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604-002-00-8 | |
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266.34 | |
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- | |
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pentachlorophenol | |
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pentachlorophenol | |
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WFD priority substance; Regulated POP; Severe Marine Pollutant; Rotterdam Convention (Class Ib) - subject to PIC regulations; UK non-statutory standard for dry soil: <0.06 mg/Kg | |
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EU Directive 2008/105/EC EQS surface waters: annual average 0.4 µg l⁻¹; max measured 1.0 µg l⁻¹ UK statutory standard for the protection of aquatic life: annual average for inland, coastal and territorial waters: 2 µg l⁻¹ |
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Not known | |
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Not known | |
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2A | |
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Not known | |
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- | |
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Colourless crystals |
Formulations |
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- |
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1000 | P4 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 4 = Verified data |
High | ||||||||
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500000 | P4 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators Acetone4 = Verified data |
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150000 | P4 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators Benzene4 = Verified data |
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1800000 | P4 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators Methanol4 = Verified data |
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12000000 | P4 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators Ethanol4 = Verified data |
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191 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Decomposes before boiling | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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309 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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- | - | - | ||||||||
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2.09 X 1003 | Calculated | - | |||||||
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3.32 | B5 B = UK CRD and ACP Evaluation Documents / and other DEFRA (UK) documents; Also Chemicals Regulation Division, Health and Safety Executive (HSE), UK (click here ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
High | ||||||||
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Likely to be soluble | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Based on chemical group | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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1.99 | B5 B = UK CRD and ACP Evaluation Documents / and other DEFRA (UK) documents; Also Chemicals Regulation Division, Health and Safety Executive (HSE), UK (click here ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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4.73 | DW4 DW = Don Wauchope personal database for Pka data: Wauchope, R. D. and Edwards, J. Dissociation constants for pesticide active ingredients: a database and comparison with predicted values. Dataset is no longer available. 4 = Verified data |
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Weak acid | |||||||||||
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16000 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Highly volatile. If applied directly to plants or soil, drift is a concern & mitigation is advisable | ||||||||
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4.30 X 10-01 | H4 H = The US ARS pesticide properties database. Dataset is no longer available. 4 = Verified data |
Moderately volatile | ||||||||
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Degradation |
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63 | B5 B = UK CRD and ACP Evaluation Documents / and other DEFRA (UK) documents; Also Chemicals Regulation Division, Health and Safety Executive (HSE), UK (click here ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderately persistent | |||||||
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48 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderately persistent | ||||||||
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Data DT₅₀ range 46-63 days | ||||||||||
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0.03 | B5 B = UK CRD and ACP Evaluation Documents / and other DEFRA (UK) documents; Also Chemicals Regulation Division, Health and Safety Executive (HSE), UK (click here ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Fast | |||||||
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- | ||||||||||
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Stable | B5 B = UK CRD and ACP Evaluation Documents / and other DEFRA (UK) documents; Also Chemicals Regulation Division, Health and Safety Executive (HSE), UK (click here ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Stable | |||||||
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. | ||||||||||
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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- | G3 G = Extension Toxicology network database EXTOXNET. Available online but no longer updated. (click here ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Mobile | |||||||
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30 | ||||||||||
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Fate indices |
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4.24 | Calculated | High leachability | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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1.43 X 1000 | Calculated | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Medium | Calculated | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Mobile | Calculated | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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216 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Whole body (Other literature values Log BCF range 1.2-3.2 (R3))3 = Unverified data of known source |
Threshold for concern | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Not available | - |
Known metabolites |
None
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Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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80 | B5 B = UK CRD and ACP Evaluation Documents / and other DEFRA (UK) documents; Also Chemicals Regulation Division, Health and Safety Executive (HSE), UK (click here ) Rat5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
High | ||||||||
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3.9 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
High | |||||||
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> 380 | G4 G = Extension Toxicology network database EXTOXNET. Available online but no longer updated. (click here ) Anas platyrhynchos4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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48 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Eisenia foetida4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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10 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Eisenia foetida4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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64.0 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Folsomia candida 33 day5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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48 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Apis mellifera4 = Verified data |
Moderate | |||||||
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Aquatic ecotoxicology |
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> 0.17 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Oncorhynchus mykiss3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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0.05 | P4 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators Carassius auratus4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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0.45 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Danio rerio4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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> 0.45 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Daphnia magna4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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> 0.18 | P4 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators Daphnia magna4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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0.2 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Ceriodaphnia dubia4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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0.11 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Chironomus riparius 2 day3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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0.12 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Lemna gibba3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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0.08 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Scenedesmus quadricauda4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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> 0.4 | P3 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators Chlorella pyrenoidosa3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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General |
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High (class III) | - | - | ||||||||
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80 | B5 B = UK CRD and ACP Evaluation Documents / and other DEFRA (UK) documents; Also Chemicals Regulation Division, Health and Safety Executive (HSE), UK (click here ) Rat5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
High | ||||||||
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105 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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0.355 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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List I; List II | - | - | ||||||||
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Readily absorbed through the skin | ||||||||||
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Non-statutory WHO drinking water guideline 0.009 mg l⁻¹ | B5 B = UK CRD and ACP Evaluation Documents / and other DEFRA (UK) documents; Also Chemicals Regulation Division, Health and Safety Executive (HSE), UK (click here ) UK EA QS database 20185 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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Health issues |
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Liver and thyroid toxicant Heart failure may occur following acute inhalation Bioaccumulates IARC Group 2B carcinogen; US NTP - suspected carcinogen; CLP data - suspected carcingen; US EPA - possible human carcinogen Endocrine issues - weak estrogenic and anti-androgenic affect |
Handling issues |
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Prevent generation of dust Not expected to auto-ignite; Not highly flammable IMDG Transport Hazard Class 6.1 |
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Health: H301, H311, H315, H319, H330, H335, H351 Environment: H400, H410 |
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Ib (Highly hazardous) | |||
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UN3155 | |||
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Packaging Group II (moderate danger) | |||
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pentachlorophenol | ||
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pentachlorophénol | ||
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Pentachlorphenol | ||
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pentachlorphenol | ||
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pentaclorofenolo | ||
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pentaclorofenato | ||
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pentachlorofenol | ||
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pentachloorfenol | ||
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Record last updated: | 29/08/2024 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |