Bromacil (Ref: DPX N0976) |

Last updated: 23/01/2025
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(Also known as: borocil; herbicide 976) |
Bromacil is a soil acting uracil herbicide which is is used to control both annual and perennial weeds, although some essential uses may be authorised. It is moderately soluble in water and highly soluble in many organic solvents. It is not considered volatile. It may be persistent in soil and water systems depending on local conditions. Theres is also concerns regarding its potential to leach to groundwater. It tends to demonstrate a low to moderate toxicity to most fauna and flora. It has a moderate mammalian oral toxicity and no other serious human health concerns have been identified. |
The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.
Environmental fate |
Ecotoxicity |
Human health |
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A soil acting uracil herbicide used to control a wide variety of annual and perennial weeds mainly on non-crop areas and fruit |
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Barnyardgrass; Crabgrass; Henbit; Lambsquarters; Purslane; Annual sedge; Mustard; Bermudagrass; Nutsedge |
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Fruit including citrus, pineapples; Brush; Roads, rights-of-way, railways, pavements |
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- |
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Current |
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1961, registered USA |
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Not approved |
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Expired |
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No UK approval for use as a pesticide |
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414) |
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Not approved |
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Not applicable |
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Expired |
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Not applicable |
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Yes |
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ATAustria |
BEBelgium |
BGBulgaria |
CYCyprus |
CZCzech Republic |
DEGermany |
DKDenmark |
EEEstonia |
ELGreece |
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ESSpain |
FIFinland |
FRFrance |
HRCroatia |
HUHungary |
IEIreland |
ITItaly |
LTLithuania |
LULuxembourg |
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LVLatvia |
MTMalta |
NLNetherlands |
PLPoland |
PTPortugal |
RORomania |
SESweden |
SISlovenia |
SKSlovakia |
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A chiral molecule existing in the R- and S-forms. This substance is a mixture of both forms. |
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C₉H₁₃BrN₂O₂ |
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CCC(C)N1C(=O)C(=C(NC1=O)C)Br |
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No data |
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CTSLUCNDVMMDHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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InChI=1S/C9H13BrN2O2/c1-4-5(2)12-8(13)7(10)6(3)11-9(12)14/h5H,4H2,1-3H3,(H,11,14) |
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Yes |
Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre diagrams |
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Common Name |
Relationship |
Link |
bromacil |
Unstated isomer |
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Herbicide |
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Uracil herbicide |
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- |
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- |
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Synthetic |
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Absorbed mainly via root system, non-selective. Inhibits photosynthesis (photosystem II). |
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314-40-9 |
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206-245-1 |
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139 |
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012301 |
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9411 |
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No data found |
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261.12 |
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rac-(3R)-5-bromo-3-(butan-2-yl)-6-methylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione |
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(RS)-5-bromo-3-sec-butyl-6-methyluracil |
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5-bromo-6-methyl-3-(1-methylpropyl)-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione |
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Potential groundwater contaminant; Potential marine pollutant; PAN Bad Actor Chemical |
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- |
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C1 |
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5 |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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- |
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White crystals |
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- Nufarm
- DuPont
- Loveland
- Makhteshim-Agan
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- Hyvar X bromoacil
- Borocil 1V
- Cynogan
- Borea
- Krovar II
- Urgan
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Available in a variety of formulations including wettable powders, water soluble liquids and granules. |
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815 |
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Moderate |
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167000 |
C4 C = AGRITOX dataset. Dataset is no longer available. 4 = Verified data Acetone |
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134000 |
C4 C = AGRITOX dataset. Dataset is no longer available. 4 = Verified data Ethanol |
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32000 |
C4 C = AGRITOX dataset. Dataset is no longer available. 4 = Verified data Xylene |
- |
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158.5 |
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
- |
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Decomposes before boiling |
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
- |
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158 |
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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7.59 X 1001 |
Calculated |
- |
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1.88 |
H4 H = The US ARS pesticide properties database. Dataset is no longer available. 4 = Verified data |
Low |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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1.59 |
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
- |
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9.27 |
H4 H = The US ARS pesticide properties database. Dataset is no longer available. 4 = Verified data |
- |
Very weak acid |
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4.10 X 10-02 |
H4 H = The US ARS pesticide properties database. Dataset is no longer available. 4 = Verified data |
Low volatility |
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1.50 X 10-05 |
H4 H = The US ARS pesticide properties database. Dataset is no longer available. 4 = Verified data |
Non-volatile |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
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60 |
R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
Moderately persistent |
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- |
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- |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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Other sources: DT₅₀ 5-6 months in silt loam soil (R3) |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
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Stable |
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Stable |
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Stable at pH 5 and pH 7 |
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Stable |
R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
Stable |
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Stable at all relevant pHs |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. |
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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- |
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Mobile |
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32 |
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Other sources: log Koc 1.51 (Q3); General literature: Koc 2.3 to 289 (CA3) |
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2.9 |
R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
Moderately mobile |
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117 |
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0.917 |
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Data for freshwater sediments Kf range 0.56-6.35 mL.g, Kfoc range 26.3-289 mL g⁻¹, 1/n range 0.89-0.98, Soils = 9 |
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- |
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3.44 |
Calculated |
High leachability |
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5.51 X 10-01 |
Calculated |
- |
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- |
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Medium |
Calculated |
- |
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Mobile |
Calculated |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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2.8 |
Whole fish |
Low potential |
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Not available |
- |
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- |
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Aerobic |
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- |
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Aerobic |
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- |
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Aerobic |
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- |
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Aerobic |
Known groundwater metabolites |
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None
None
Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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1300 |
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source Rat |
Moderate |
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- |
L2 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 2 = Unverified data of unknown source Rat 2 yr |
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50 |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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> 2250 |
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source Colinus virginianus |
Low |
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- |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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- |
- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
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> 100 |
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low |
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- |
- |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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- |
- |
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- |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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Harmless at dose 960 g ha⁻¹ |
AA2 AA = IOBC Database on classification of side effects to beneficial organisms, 2005 2 = Unverified data of unknown source Chrysoperla carnea |
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- |
- |
- |
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Harmless at dose 960 g ha⁻¹ |
AA2 AA = IOBC Database on classification of side effects to beneficial organisms, 2005 2 = Unverified data of unknown source Typhlodromus pyri |
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- |
- |
- |
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> 36 |
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source Lepomis macrochirus |
Moderate |
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> 95.6 |
L2 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 2 = Unverified data of unknown source Pimephales promelas |
Low |
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- |
- |
- |
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> 119 |
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source Daphnia magna |
Low |
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- |
- |
- |
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> 13 |
Ceriodaphnia dubia |
Moderate |
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> 67.0 |
Americamysis bahia |
Moderate |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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0.013 |
C4 C = AGRITOX dataset. Dataset is no longer available. 4 = Verified data Unknown species |
Moderate |
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0.01 |
Green algae population study |
Moderate |
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- |
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- |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
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HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION |
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High (class III) |
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- |
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1300 |
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source Rat |
Moderate |
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5000 |
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source Rabbit |
- |
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5.6 |
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source Rat |
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- |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
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- |
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EU MRL pesticide database |
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- |
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- |
- |
- |
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- |
- |
- |
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Excreted primarily in the urine |
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- |
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Carcinogen |
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Endocrine disruptor |
?Possibly, status not identified |
A3 A = Chromosome aberration (EFSA database) 3 = Negative ; B0 B = DNA damage/repair (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; C0 C = Gene mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; D0 D = Genome mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; E3 E = Unspecified genotoxicity type (miscellaneous data source) 3 = Negative |
?Possibly, status not identified |
Reproduction / development effects |
Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor |
Neurotoxicant |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
Respiratory tract irritant |
Skin irritant |
Skin sensitiser |
?Possibly, status not identified |
✓Yes, known to cause a problem |
No data found |
Eye irritant |
Phototoxicant |
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✓Yes, known to cause a problem |
No data found |
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May cause inflammation of the stomach and intestinal mucous membranes, gastroenteritis or liver damage IARC - Group C possible carcinogen; US EPA - possible human carcinogen |
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Not expected to auto-ignite; Not highly flammable |
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Health: H302, H315, H319, H335 Environment: H400, H410 |
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U (Unlikely to present an acute hazard) |
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UN3077 |
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Packaging Group III (minor danger) |
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bromacil |
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bromacil |
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Bromacil |
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bromacil |
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bromacile |
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bromacilo |
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- |
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bromacyl |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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Record last updated: |
23/01/2025 |
Contact: |
aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: |
Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |