Bromadiolone (Ref: LM 637) |
Last updated: 31/10/2024 |
(Also known as: broprodifacoum; bromodiolone) |
SUMMARY |
Bromadiolone is a second generation anticoagulant rodenticide. It has a low aqueous solubility and a low volatility. It may be moderately persistent in both soil and water systems depending on local conditions. It demonstrates a moderate to high toxicity to most fauna. Bromadiolone is also highly toxic to mammals via the oral route and there are also concerns that it may be a reproduction/developmental toxin. |
Data alerts |
The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.
Environmental fate | Ecotoxicity | Human health |
---|---|---|
|
|
An anti-coagulant coumarin-derivative rodenticide mainly used for indoor applications | |
---|---|---|
|
Rats; Mice | |
|
Houses; Commercial buildings; Industrial sites | |
|
- | |
|
Current | |
|
1976, first reported |
UK regulatory status |
|
Not approved | ||
---|---|---|---|
|
Withdrawn | ||
|
No data |
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414) |
|
Not approved | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Italy/Romania | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Expired | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Not applicable | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Additional information |
|
Australia, USA |
---|
Chemical structure |
|
A chiral molecule which is a mixture of the two isomeric diastereomers (1RS,3RS) and (1RS,3SR) both of which are toxicologically active | |
---|---|---|
|
C₃₀H₂₃BrO₄ | |
|
C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(CC(C2=CC=C(C=C2)C3=CC=C(C=C3)Br)O)C4=C(C5=CC=CC=C5OC4=O)O | |
|
No data | |
|
OWNRRUFOJXFKCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |
|
InChI=1S/C30H23BrO4/c31-23-16-14-20(15-17-23)19-10-12-22(13-11-19)26(32)18-25(21-6-2-1-3-7-21)28-29(33)24-8-4-5-9-27(24)35-30(28)34/h1-17,25-26,32-33H,18H2 | |
|
Yes |
General status |
|
Rodenticide | |
---|---|---|
|
Coumarin rodenticide | |
|
970 | |
|
EU dossier - none declared | |
|
Synthetic | |
|
Second generation anticoagulant which blocks prothrombin formation, inhibits blood coagulation | |
|
28772-56-7 | |
|
249-205-9 | |
|
371 | |
|
112001 | |
|
54680085 | |
|
607-716-00-8 | |
|
527.40 | |
|
3-[(1E,3E)-3-(4'-bromo[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-3-hydroxy-1-phenylpropyl]-4-hydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one | |
|
3-[(1RS,3RS;1RS,3SR)-3-(4'-bromobiphenyl-4-yl)-3-hydroxy-1-phenylpropyl]-4-hydroxycoumarin | |
|
3-[3-(4'-bromo[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-3-hydroxy-1-phenylpropyl]-4-hydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one | |
|
PAN Bad Actor Chemical | |
|
- | |
|
Not applicable | |
|
Not applicable | |
|
Not applicable | |
|
Not applicable | |
|
- | |
|
Odourless white powder |
Formulations |
|
|
|||
---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Usually supplied in ready-to-use bait formulations such as granules, blocks and pellets |
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
18.4 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low | ||||||||
|
10000 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Ethyl acetate5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
- | ||||||||
12000 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Acetone4 = Verified data |
- | |||||||||
8200 | C4 C = AGRITOX dataset. Dataset is no longer available. Ethanol4 = Verified data |
- | |||||||||
5600 | C4 C = AGRITOX dataset. Dataset is no longer available. Methanol4 = Verified data |
- | |||||||||
|
199 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
- | ||||||||
|
Decomposes before boiling | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
- | ||||||||
|
200 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
- | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
|
1.17 X 1004 | Calculated | - | |||||||
|
4.07 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 4 = Verified data |
High | ||||||||
|
|
Soluble | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 4 = Verified data |
- | |||||||
|
Regulatory data | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 4 = Verified data |
- | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
4.04 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
- | ||||||||
Weak acid | |||||||||||
|
2.13 X 10-05 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low volatility | ||||||||
|
8.99 X 10-07 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Non-volatile | ||||||||
|
|
0.05 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 24 hr5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Volatilisation is not considered critical for air pollution | |||||||
|
9.0 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 24 hr5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Volatilisation is not considered critical for air pollution | ||||||||
|
Neutral solution: 206-214nm = 74211, 260-266nm = 29157, 312-314nm = 13895 Acidic solution: 206-214nm = 64736, 250-266nm = 33316, 313-314nm = 12263 Alkaline solution: 206-214nm = 127895, 260-266nm = 28526, 312-314nm = 13895 |
A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
- | ||||||||
|
71.2 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
- |
Degradation |
|
|
|
|
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
- | ||||||||||
|
|
53 | C4 C = AGRITOX dataset. Dataset is no longer available. 4 = Verified data |
Moderately persistent | |||||||
|
14 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Non-persistent | ||||||||
|
4.6 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) 4 = Verified data |
Non-persistent | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
EU dossier Lab studies DT₅₀ range 2.8-269 days, DT₉₀ range14-658 days | ||||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
|
0.1 | C4 C = AGRITOX dataset. Dataset is no longer available. 4 = Verified data |
Fast | |||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
|
30 | C4 C = AGRITOX dataset. Dataset is no longer available. 4 = Verified data |
Moderately persistent | |||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. | ||||||||||
|
- |
Soil adsorption and mobility |
|
|
|
|
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
|
7.9 | A3 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Slightly mobile | |||||||
|
1636 | ||||||||||
|
0.77 | ||||||||||
|
EU dossier Kd range 5.3-10.4 mL g⁻¹, Kfoc range 1563-1709 mL g⁻¹, 1/n range 0.652-0.887, Soils=2 | ||||||||||
|
Lower adsoption under alkaline conditions than under acidic. |
Fate indices |
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
0.52 | Calculated | Low leachability | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
3.04 X 10-03 | Calculated | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
- | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Medium | Calculated | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Slightly mobile | Calculated | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
2.1 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Calculated using the Atkinson method.4 = Verified data |
Below the level of concern for long-range air transport | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
867 | Q2 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources Estimated2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
Threshold for concern | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Not available | - |
Known soil metabolites |
|
|
|
|
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Major fraction | 0.396 | Moderately persistent | |||||
|
Major fraction | 0.192 | - | |||||
|
Major fraction | 0.248 | - |
Known groundwater metabolites |
None
Other known metabolites |
|
|
|
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3-[(1RS)-3-(4'-bromobiphenyl-4-yl)-3-oxo-1-phenylpropyl]-4-hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-one | bromadiolone ketone | Surface water | - | ||||
(1RS,3RS)-5-(4'-bromobiphenyl-4-yl)-1,3-diphenylpentan-1-ol | - | Surface water | - | ||||
(1RS,3RS,5RS)-1-(4'-bromobiphenyl-4-yl)-3,5-diol | UNk3/M9 | Surface water | - |
|
Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
|
|
|
|
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
> 0.56 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
High | ||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | - | |||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
138 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Colinus virginianus5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
> 4.74 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
High | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
- | - | - | |||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
- | |||||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
- | |||||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - |
Aquatic ecotoxicology |
|
|
|
|
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
> 8.0 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Oncorhynchus mykiss5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
2 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Daphnia magna5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
0.017 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Scenedesmus subspicatus5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
|
- | - | - |
|
- | - | - |
|
General |
|
|
|
|
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
High (class III) | - | - | ||||||||
|
> 0.56 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
High | ||||||||
|
1.30 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
- | ||||||||
|
0.0043 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat 4 hr5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
- | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
None allocated | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
- | ||||||||
|
None allocated | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
- | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
0.0000012 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
- | ||||||||
|
1.6 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
- | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
|
Small risk identified from possible bait contact | |||||||||
|
Absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, from intact skin, and the respiratory system - PPE/PPC advised | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|||||||||
|
|
||||||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
0.016 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
- | ||||||||
|
- | - | - |
Health issues |
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Anticoagulant and may cause haemorrhaging It is very toxic by inhalation, contact with the skin and by ingestion Slight eye irritant |
Handling issues |
|
|
|||
---|---|---|---|---|
|
Not oxidising or explosive Not expected to auto-ignite; Not highly flammable IMDG Transport Hazard Class 6.1 |
|||
|
Health: H300, H310, H330, H360d, H372 Environment: H400, H410 |
|||
|
Ia (Extremely hazardous) | |||
|
UN3027 | |||
|
- | |||
|
- |
|
|
|
||
---|---|---|---|
|
bromadiolone | ||
|
bromadiolone | ||
|
Bromadiolon | ||
|
bromadiolon | ||
|
bromadiolone | ||
|
bromadiolona | ||
|
- | ||
|
bromadiolon | ||
|
bromadiolon | ||
|
- | ||
|
bromadiolon | ||
|
- |
Record last updated: | 31/10/2024 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |