The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.
Environmental fate
Ecotoxicity
Human health
Human health Low alert
GENERAL INFORMATION
Description
A gram-positive bacterium used to control a wide range of economically important fungal and bacterial diseases
Example pests controlled
Stem rots caused by Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum; Downy mildew; Grey mould; Fruit end rot; Sheath blight
Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically
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Example products using this active
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Formulation and application details
Usually supplied as a wettable powder
ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
Property
Value
Source; quality score; and other information
Interpretation
Solubility - In water at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)
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Solubility - In organic solvents at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)
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Melting point (°C)
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-
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Boiling point (°C)
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-
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Degradation point (°C)
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-
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Flashpoint (°C)
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-
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Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20 °C
P
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Log P
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Fat solubility of residues
Solubility
-
-
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Data type
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-
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Density (g ml⁻¹)
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Dissociation constant pKa) at 25 °C
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-
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Vapour pressure at 20 °C (mPa)
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Henry's law constant at 25 °C (Pa m³ mol⁻¹)
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Volatilisation as max % of applied dose lost
From plant surface
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From soil surface
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Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹
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Surface tension (mN m⁻¹)
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Degradation
Property
Value
Source; quality score; and other information
Interpretation
General biodegradability
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Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)
DT₅₀ (typical)
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DT₅₀ (lab at 20 °C)
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DT₅₀ (field)
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DT₉₀ (lab at 20 °C)
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DT₉₀ (field)
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DT₅₀ modelling endpoint
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Note
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Dissipation rate RL₅₀ (days) on plant matrix
Value
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Note
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Dissipation rate RL₅₀ (days) on and in plant matrix
Value
-
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Note
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Aqueous photolysis DT₅₀ (days) at pH 7
Value
-
-
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Note
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Aqueous hydrolysis DT₅₀ (days) at 20 °C and pH 7
Value
-
-
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Note
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Water-sediment DT₅₀ (days)
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Water phase only DT₅₀ (days)
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Sediment phase only DT₅₀ (days)
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Air degradation
As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below.
Decay in stored produce DT₅₀
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Soil adsorption and mobility
Property
Value
Source; quality score; and other information
Interpretation
Linear
Kd (mL g⁻¹)
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Koc (mL g⁻¹)
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Notes and range
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Freundlich
Kf (mL g⁻¹)
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Kfoc (mL g⁻¹)
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1/n
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Notes and range
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pH sensitivity
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Fate indices
Property
Value
Source; quality score; and other information
Interpretation
GUS leaching potential index
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SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l⁻¹) for a 1 kg ha⁻¹ or 1 l ha⁻¹ application rate
Value
Cannot be calculated
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Note
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Potential for particle bound transport index
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Potential for loss via drain flow
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Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀ (hrs) as indicator of long-range air transport risk
Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242
Human health
