Maneb (Ref: ENT 14875)

Maneb (Ref: ENT 14875)	Last updated: 21/08/2024
(Also known as: manebe)

SUMMARY

Data alerts

The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.

Environmental fate	Ecotoxicity	Human health
Environmental fate Moderate alert: Drainflow: Slightly mobile; Potential for particle bound transport: Medium	Ecotoxicity High alert: Fish chronic ecotoxicity: High; Daphnia acute ecotoxicity: High; Daphnia chronic ecotoxicity: High	Human health Moderate alert: Possible Carcinogen; Endocrine disrupter; Reproduction/development effects

GENERAL INFORMATION

Description

A fungicide used to control a wide range of diseases including blight, leaf spot, rust, downy mildew and scab

Example pests controlled

Early and late blights; Rust; Downy mildew; Leaf spot; Scab; Leaf moulds

Example applications

Fruits; Vegetables; Field crops including potatoes; Ornamentals

Efficacy & activity

Availability status

Current

Introduction & key dates

circa 1985, introduced

UK regulatory status

UK COPR regulatory status

Not approved

Date COPR inclusion expires

Expired

UK LERAP status

Check label - may vary with formulation

EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414)

EC Regulation 1107/2009 status

Not approved

Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur

Italy/UK

Date EC 1107/2009 inclusion expires

Expired

EU Candidate for substitution (CfS)

Listed in EU database

Yes

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 in the following EU Member States

ATAustria	BEBelgium	BGBulgaria	CYCyprus	CZCzech Republic	DEGermany	DKDenmark	EEEstonia	ELGreece

ESSpain	FIFinland	FRFrance	HRCroatia	HUHungary	IEIreland	ITItaly	LTLithuania	LULuxembourg

LVLatvia	MTMalta	NLNetherlands	PLPoland	PTPortugal	RORomania	SESweden	SISlovenia	SKSlovakia

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 by Mutual Recognition of Authorisation and/or national regulations in the following EEA countries

ISIceland	NONorway

Additional information

Also used in

Chemical structure

Isomerism

None

Chemical formula

C₄H₆MnN₂S₄

Canonical SMILES

C(CNC(=S)[S-])NC(=S)[S-].[Mn+2]

Isomeric SMILES

International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey)

VGMMANJYQVBVPU-UHFFFAOYSA-M

International Chemical Identifier (InChI)

InChI=1S/C4H8N2S4.Mn/c7-3(8)5-1-2-6-4(9)10;/h1-2H2,(H2,5,7,8)(H2,6,9,10);/q;+2/p-2

2D structure diagram/image available?

Yes

General status

Pesticide type

Fungicide

Substance groups

Carbamate fungicide; Dithiocarbamate fungicide

Minimum active substance purity

860 g kg⁻¹

Known relevant impurities

EU dossier - None declared

Substance origin

Synthetic

Mode of action

Non-specific with protective action. Multi-site activity.

CAS RN

12427-38-2

EC number

235-654-8

CIPAC number

US EPA chemical code

014505

PubChem CID

3032581

CLP index number

006-077-00-7

Molecular mass

265.30

PIN (Preferred Identification Name)

IUPAC name

manganese ethylenebis(dithiocarbamate) (polymeric)

CAS name

((2-((dithiocarboxy)amino)ethyl)carbamodithioato))(2-)-kS,kS')manganese

Other status information

Marine Pollutant

Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards

UK Environment Agency non-statutory standard for the protection of aquatic life in freshwater and saltwater annual average 3 µg l⁻¹, max acceptable conc 30 µg l⁻¹

Herbicide Resistance Class (HRAC MoA class)

Not applicable

Herbicide Resistance Class (WSSA MoA class)

Not applicable

Insecticide Resistance Class (IRAC MoA class)

Not applicable

Fungicide Resistance Class (FRAC MOA class)

M03

Examples of recorded resistance

Physical state

Yellow powder

Formulations

Property

Value

Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically

DuPont
Rohm & Haas
BASF
Rhone-Poulenc

Example products using this active

Manzate
Trimangol
Nespor
Manesan

Formulation and application details

Usually formulated as wettable powders and flowable suspensions

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Solubility - In water at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

178

Moderate

Solubility - In organic solvents at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

Ethyl acetate

Acetone

Heptane

1.4

Octanol

Melting point (°C)

Decomposes before melting

Boiling point (°C)

Decomposes before boiling

Degradation point (°C)

198

Flashpoint (°C)

Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20 °C

3.55 X 10^-01

Calculated

Log P

-0.45

Low

Fat solubility of residues

Solubility

Data type

Density (g ml⁻¹)

1.99

Dissociation constant pKa) at 25 °C

Not applicable

No dissociation

Vapour pressure at 20 °C (mPa)

0.014

Low volatility

Henry's law constant at 25 °C (Pa m³ mol⁻¹)

2.08 X 10^-05

Non-volatile

Volatilisation as max % of applied dose lost

From plant surface

From soil surface

Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹

Maxima at 285nm

Surface tension (mN m⁻¹)

Degradation

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

General biodegradability

Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)

DT₅₀ (typical)

Non-persistent

DT₅₀ (lab at 20 °C)

0.1

Non-persistent

DT₅₀ (field)

Non-persistent

DT₉₀ (lab at 20 °C)

Moderately persistent

DT₉₀ (field)

8.5

DT₅₀ modelling endpoint

Note

EU dossier Lab studies DT₅₀ range 2-3.5 hours, DT₉₀ ~7 weeks; field studies DT₅₀ < 1 week

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ (days) on plant matrix

Value

7.5

Note

Published literature RL₅₀ range 2.4-17.7 days, 5 field & undercover grown crops, various matrices, n=6

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ (days) on and in plant matrix

Value

2.8

Note

green bean leaves, n=1

Aqueous photolysis DT₅₀ (days) at pH 7

Value

Stable

Note

Aqueous hydrolysis DT₅₀ (days) at 20 °C and pH 7

Value

1.0

Non-persistent

Note

Not sensitive to pH at 25 °C

Water-sediment DT₅₀ (days)

0.35

Fast

Water phase only DT₅₀ (days)

0.35

Fast

Air degradation

As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below.

Decay in stored produce DT₅₀

[Tomato homogenate: No significant residue decay after 6 wks @ 5 DegC; Field study]

Soil adsorption and mobility

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Linear

K_d (mL g⁻¹)

Slightly mobile

K_oc (mL g⁻¹)

2000

Notes and range

Freundlich

K_f (mL g⁻¹)

0.16

Slightly mobile

K_foc (mL g⁻¹)

1310

¹/_n

Notes and range

EU dossier K_foc range 874-2127 mL g⁻¹

pH sensitivity

Fate indices

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

GUS leaching potential index

0.75

Calculated

Low leachability

SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l⁻¹) for a 1 kg ha⁻¹ or 1 l ha⁻¹ application rate

Value

7.43 X 10^-03

Calculated

Note

Potential for particle bound transport index

Medium

Calculated

Potential for loss via drain flow

Slightly mobile

Calculated

Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀ (hrs) as indicator of long-range air transport risk

Bio-concentration factor

BCF (l kg⁻¹)

Low risk

Based on LogP < 3

Low risk

CT₅₀ (days)

Known soil metabolites

Metabolite

Major/Minor fraction

$Click here for further information on Major/Minor fraction$

Estimated maximum occurrence fraction

Notes

ethylenethiourea

Major fraction

0.638

etem

Major fraction

0.128

ethylene urea

Major fraction

0.204

Known groundwater metabolites

None

Other known metabolites

None

ECOTOXICOLOGY

Terrestrial ecotoxicology

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 5000

Rat

Low

Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL

(mg kg⁻¹)

(ppm diet)

Mammals - Chronic 21d NOAEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

Birds - Acute LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 1467

Anas platyrhynchos

Moderate

Birds - Short term dietary (LC₅₀/LD₅₀)

> 5000 mg kg feed⁻¹

Anas platyrhynchos

Birds - Chronic 21d NOEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

840

Eisenia foetida

Moderate

Earthworms - Chronic NOEC, reproduction (mg kg⁻¹)

8.0

Eisenia foetida

Moderate

Soil micro-organisms

Nitrogen mineralisation: No significant adverse effect
Carbon mineralisation: No significant adverse effect

Dose: 20 kg ha⁻¹ 28 Day

Collembola

Acute LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Chronic NOEC (mg kg⁻¹)

Non-target plants

Honeybees (Apis spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 100

Apis mellifera

Low

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 89.5

Apis mellifera

Moderate

Unknown mode acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Chronic

Bumblebees (Bombus spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Mason bees (Osmia spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Other bee species (1)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Other bee species (2)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Beneficial insects (Ladybirds) as % Mortality at dose 3.2 kg ha⁻¹

39.4

Coccinella septempunctata

Beneficial insects (Lacewings) as % Mortality at dose 1.6 kg ha⁻¹

40.6

Chrysoperla carnea

Beneficial insects (Parasitic wasps) as Mortality LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

> 1500

Aphidius rhopalosiphi

Beneficial insects (Predatory mites) as Mortality LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

< 120

Typhlodromus pyri corr

Beneficial insects (Ground beetles) as % Mortality at dose 1.6 kg ha⁻¹

Poecilus cupreus

Aquatic ecotoxicology

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Temperate Freshwater Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.20

Oncorhynchus mykiss

Moderate

Temperate Freshwater Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

0.0065

Pimephales promelas

High

Tropical Freshwater Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

> 0.4

Danio rerio Embryo

Moderate

Temperate Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.0021

Daphnia magna

High

Temperate Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

0.0023

Daphnia magna

High

Tropical Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

2.4

Americamysis bahia

Moderate

Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg⁻¹)

Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC₅₀, biomass (mg l⁻¹)

Algae - Acute 72 hour EC₅₀, growth (mg l⁻¹)

0.007

Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata 120 hr

High

Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l⁻¹)

Mesocosm study data

NOEAEC mg l⁻¹

0.032

whole system

NOEAEC mg l⁻¹

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION

General

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class)

High (class III)

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 5000

Rat

Low

Mammals - Dermal LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹ body weight)

2000

Rat

Mammals - Inhalation LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

5.34

Rat

Other Mammal toxicity endpoints

ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.05

Rat SF=100

ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.2

Rat

AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.03

Rat SF=100

Dermal penetration studies (%)

0.2-0.4

concentration dependent

Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464

Exposure Routes

Public

Occupational

MRLs

European

EU MRL pesticide database

Great Britain

GB MRL Register

Notes

Drinking Water Standards

Drinking Water MAC (μg l⁻¹)

Mammalian dose elimination route and rate

Health issues

Specific human health issues

Carcinogen

Genotoxic

Endocrine disruptor

; ; ; ;

Reproduction / development effects

Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor

Neurotoxicant

Respiratory tract irritant

Skin irritant

Skin sensitiser

Eye irritant

Phototoxicant

No data found

General human health issues

IARC Group 3 carcinogen - not classifiable; US EPA - probable human carcinogen

Handling issues

Property

Value and interpretation

General

Not explosive
Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases
IMDG Transport Hazard Class 4.2
Liable to spontaneous combustion

CLP classification 2013

Health: H317, H319; H332; H361d
Environment: H400, H410

WHO Classification

U (Unlikely to present an acute hazard)

UN Number

UN2757

Waste disposal & packaging

Packaging Group III (minor danger)

Shelf-life, storage, stability and reactivity

TRANSLATIONS

Language

Name

English

maneb

French

manebe

German

Maneb

Danish

maneb

Italian

maneb

Spanish

maneb

Greek

Polish

maneb

Swedish

Hungarian

Dutch

Norwegian

Record last updated:	21/08/2024
Contact:	aeru@herts.ac.uk
Please cite as:	Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242