Pyraclostrobin (Ref: BAS 500F)

Pyraclostrobin (Ref: BAS 500F)	Last updated: 22/08/2024
(Not known by any other names)

SUMMARY

Data alerts

The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.

Environmental fate	Ecotoxicity	Human health
Environmental fate Moderate alert: Moderately persistent; Potential for particle bound transport: Medium	Ecotoxicity High alert: Fish acute ecotoxicity: High; Fish chronic ecotoxicity: High; Daphnia acute ecotoxicity: High; Daphnia chronic ecotoxicity: High	Human health High alert: Reproduction/development effects

GENERAL INFORMATION

Description

A broad-spectrum fungicide used to control major plant pathogens in cereals and other crops

Example pests controlled

Septoria tritici; Puccinia spp.; Pyrenophora teres

Example applications

Cereals including wheat, barley, oats; forage & grain maize, triticale; Sugarbeet; Potatoes; Vegetables including brassicas, carrot; beans, vining peas; Fruit including strawberry, blackcurrants

Efficacy & activity

Wheat/Eyespot=Low; Wheat/Mildew=Low; Wheat/Septoria=Low; Wheat/Rust=High; Corn/Leaf blight=High; Corn/Rust=High; Corn/Eyespot=High; Soybean/Blight=High; Soybean/Anthracnose=High; Soybean/Brown spot=Moderate; Soybean/Leaf blight=Moderate; Soybean/Rust=High

Availability status

Current

Introduction & key dates

2000, first reported

UK regulatory status

UK COPR regulatory status

Approved

Date COPR inclusion expires

31/01/2029

UK LERAP status

Cat A

EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414)

EC Regulation 1107/2009 status

Approved

Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur

Germany/Hungary

Date EC 1107/2009 inclusion expires

15/09/2025

EU Candidate for substitution (CfS)

Listed in EU database

Yes

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 in the following EU Member States

ATAustria	BEBelgium	BGBulgaria	CYCyprus	CZCzech Republic	DEGermany	DKDenmark	EEEstonia	ELGreece
✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓
ESSpain	FIFinland	FRFrance	HRCroatia	HUHungary	IEIreland	ITItaly	LTLithuania	LULuxembourg
✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓		✓	✓
LVLatvia	MTMalta	NLNetherlands	PLPoland	PTPortugal	RORomania	SESweden	SISlovenia	SKSlovakia
✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 by Mutual Recognition of Authorisation and/or national regulations in the following EEA countries

ISIceland	NONorway
✓	✓

Additional information

Also used in

Australia, Iran, Morocco

Chemical structure

Isomerism

None

Chemical formula

C₁₉H₁₈CIN₃O₄

Canonical SMILES

COC(=O)N(C1=CC=CC=C1COC2=NN(C=C2)C3=CC=C(C=C3)Cl)OC

Isomeric SMILES

No data

International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey)

HZRSNVGNWUDEFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N

International Chemical Identifier (InChI)

InChI=1S/C19H18ClN3O4/c1-25-19(24)23(26-2)17-6-4-3-5-14(17)13-27-18-11-12-22(21-18)16-9-7-15(20)8-10-16/h3-12H,13H2,1-2H3

2D structure diagram/image available?

Yes

General status

Pesticide type

Fungicide

Substance groups

Strobilurin fungicide; Carbanilate fungicide; Phenylpyrazole fungicide

Minimum active substance purity

975 g kg⁻¹

Known relevant impurities

EU dossier - <0.001 g kg⁻¹ dimethyl sulphate

Substance origin

Synthetic

Mode of action

Protective and curative action. Respiration inhibitor (QoL fungicide).

CAS RN

175013-18-0

EC number

605-747-1

CIPAC number

657

US EPA chemical code

099100

PubChem CID

6422843

CLP index number

613-272-00-6

Molecular mass

387.82

PIN (Preferred Identification Name)

IUPAC name

methyl {2-[1-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrazol-3-yloxymethyl]phenyl}(methoxy)carbamate

CAS name

methyl (2-(((1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxy)methyl)phenyl)methoxycarbamate

Other status information

Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards

Herbicide Resistance Class (HRAC MoA class)

Not applicable

Herbicide Resistance Class (WSSA MoA class)

Not applicable

Insecticide Resistance Class (IRAC MoA class)

Not applicable

Fungicide Resistance Class (FRAC MOA class)

Examples of recorded resistance

Physical state

White to light beige crystalline solid

Formulations

Property

Value

Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically

BASF
Vitax
Rigby Taylor
BOC Sciences

Example products using this active

Comet
Flyer
Gemstone
Platoon 250
Vivid
Tucana
Signum
Balaya

Formulation and application details

Often supplied as an emulsifiable concentrate that is mixed with water and used as a spray

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Solubility - In water at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

1.9

Low

Solubility - In organic solvents at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

3700

n-Heptane

24200

Octanol

500000

Acetone

100800

Methanol

Melting point (°C)

63.7

Boiling point (°C)

Decomposes before boiling

Degradation point (°C)

200

Flashpoint (°C)

Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20 °C

9.77 X 10⁰³

Calculated

Log P

3.99

High

Fat solubility of residues

Solubility

Soluble

Data type

Regulatory data - observed in metabolism and farm animal feeding studies

Density (g ml⁻¹)

1.37

Dissociation constant pKa) at 25 °C

Not applicable

No dissociation

Vapour pressure at 20 °C (mPa)

2.60 X 10^-05

Low volatility

Henry's law constant at 25 °C (Pa m³ mol⁻¹)

5.31 X 10^-06

Non-volatile

Volatilisation as max % of applied dose lost

From plant surface

24 hr

Volatilisation is not considered critical for air pollution

From soil surface

24 hr

Volatilisation is not considered critical for air pollution

Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹

205nm = 2500, 275nm = 2400

Surface tension (mN m⁻¹)

71.5

20 °C 2.0% w/w

Degradation

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

General biodegradability

Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)

DT₅₀ (typical)

41.9

Moderately persistent

DT₅₀ (lab at 20 °C)

41.9

Moderately persistent

DT₅₀ (field)

33.3

Moderately persistent

DT₉₀ (lab at 20 °C)

914

Very persistent

DT₉₀ (field)

234

DT₅₀ modelling endpoint

Note

EU 2018 dossier lab studies DT₅₀ (normalised) range 4.2-95.4 days, DT₉₀ (actual) range 115- >1000 days, Soils=7; Field studies Dt50 (normalised) range 5.2-181 days, DT₉₀ range 80.3- >1000 days, Soils=10

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ (days) on plant matrix

Value

5.0

Note

Published literature RL₅₀ range 3.1-8.8 days, 3 field & undercover grown crops, various matrices, n=4

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ (days) on and in plant matrix

Value

8.0

Note

Published literature RL₅₀ range 1.68-21.9 days, 7 field & undercover grown crops, various matrices, n=11

Aqueous photolysis DT₅₀ (days) at pH 7

Value

0.06

Fast

Note

Aqueous hydrolysis DT₅₀ (days) at 20 °C and pH 7

Value

Stable

Note

Stable pH 5 to pH 9 at 25 °C

Water-sediment DT₅₀ (days)

Fast

Water phase only DT₅₀ (days)

Moderately fast

Air degradation

As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below.

Decay in stored produce DT₅₀

[Clementine: No decay after 32 days cold storage; Field study], [Pear homogenate: No observed residue decay @ <=20 DegC after 7 days; Lab study]

Soil adsorption and mobility

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Linear

K_d (mL g⁻¹)

160

Non-mobile

K_oc (mL g⁻¹)

9304

Notes and range

EU 2018 dossier K_d range 30-368 mL g⁻¹, K_oc range 6000-16000 mL g⁻¹, Soils=6

Freundlich

K_f (mL g⁻¹)

145

Non-mobile

K_foc (mL g⁻¹)

9315

¹/_n

0.830

Notes and range

EU 2018 dossier K_f range 47-354 mL g⁻¹; K_foc range 4240-12000 mL g⁻¹, ¹/_n range 0.773-0.942, Soils=6

pH sensitivity

Fate indices

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

GUS leaching potential index

0.05

Calculated

Low leachability

SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l⁻¹) for a 1 kg ha⁻¹ or 1 l ha⁻¹ application rate

Value

5.45 X 10^-03

Calculated

Note

Potential for particle bound transport index

Medium

Calculated

Potential for loss via drain flow

Non-mobile

Calculated

Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀ (hrs) as indicator of long-range air transport risk

1.3

Calculated using the Atkinson method. Assumed 1.5E+06 OH/cm³, 12 hr

Below the level of concern for long-range air transport

Bio-concentration factor

BCF (l kg⁻¹)

706

Whole fish

Threshold for concern

CT₅₀ (days)

Not available

Known soil metabolites

Metabolite

Major/Minor fraction

$Click here for further information on Major/Minor fraction$

Estimated maximum occurrence fraction

Notes

pyraclostrobin metabolite BF 500-6 (Ref: BF 500-6)

Major fraction

0.309

methyl N-(2((1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxymethyl) phenyl)carbamate (Ref: BAS 500-7)

Major fraction

0.190

methyl-N-[[[1-(4-chlorophenyl)-pyrazol-3-yl]oxy]-o-tolyl]carbamate (Ref: BF500-3)

Major fraction

0.958

Anaerobic

Known groundwater metabolites

None

Other known metabolites

Metabolite name and reference

Aliases

Formation medium / Rate

Estimated maximum occurrence fraction

methyl-N-[[[1-(4-chlorophenyl)-pyrazol-3-yl]oxy]-o-tolyl]carbamate (Ref: BF500-3)

500M07

a = Water (Photolysis); b= Rat; c = Animal; d = Plant

a=0.180

Ref: BF500-6

a = Water (Photolysis); b = Animal

a=0.178

1 -(4-chloropheny1)-1H-pyrazol-3-ol (Ref: BF500-5)

500M04

Rat; Plant; Animal

1-(4-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-ol (Ref: BF500-8)

Animal

Ref: BF500-16

Animal

Ref: BF500-11

Water; Sediment

Ref: BF500-13

Water; Sediment

Ref: BF500-14

Water; Sediment

ECOTOXICOLOGY

Terrestrial ecotoxicology

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 5000

Rat

Low

Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL

(mg kg⁻¹)

(ppm diet)

Mammals - Chronic 21d NOAEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

32.6

Rat Reproductive NOAEL

Moderate

Birds - Acute LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 2000

Colinus virginianus

Low

Birds - Short term dietary (LC₅₀/LD₅₀)

> 5000 mg kg feed⁻¹

Anas platyrhynchos

Birds - Chronic 21d NOEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

105

Colinus virginianus NOAEL

Moderate

Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

567

Eisenia foetida

Moderate

Earthworms - Chronic NOEC, reproduction (mg kg⁻¹)

23.1

Eisenia foetida

Moderate

Soil micro-organisms

Nitrogen mineralisation: No significant adverse effect
Carbon mineralisation: No significant adverse effect

Dose: 2.5 kg ha⁻¹

Collembola

Acute LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Chronic NOEC (mg kg⁻¹)

23.9

Folsomia candida

Non-target plants

Honeybees (Apis spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 100

Apis mellifera

Low

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 110

Apis mellifera

Low

Unknown mode acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Chronic

Bumblebees (Bombus spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 100

Bombus terrestris

Low

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 97.2

Bombus terrestris

Moderate

Mason bees (Osmia spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Other bee species (1)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Other bee species (2)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Beneficial insects (Ladybirds)

Beneficial insects (Lacewings) as % Mortality at dose 62.0 g ha⁻¹

Chrysoperla carnea

Beneficial insects (Parasitic wasps) as Mortality LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

Aphidius rhopalosiphi

Beneficial insects (Predatory mites) as Mortality LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

175.0

Typhlodromus pyri

Beneficial insects (Ground beetles) as Mortality LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

> 3600

Poecilus cupreus

Aquatic ecotoxicology

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Temperate Freshwater Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.006

Oncorhynchus mykiss

High

Temperate Freshwater Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

0.005

Oncorhynchus mykiss

High

Tropical Freshwater Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

> 0.012

Danio rerio Juvenile

High

Temperate Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.016

Daphnia magna

High

Temperate Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

0.004

Daphnia magna

High

Tropical Freshwater Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l⁻¹)

0.04

Chironomus riparius

Moderate

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg⁻¹)

1.3

Chironomus riparius

Moderate

Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC₅₀, biomass (mg l⁻¹)

1.72

Lemna gibba

Moderate

Algae - Acute 72 hour EC₅₀, growth (mg l⁻¹)

> 0.843

Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata

Moderate

Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l⁻¹)

Mesocosm study data

NOEAEC mg l⁻¹

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION

General

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class)

High (class III)

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 5000

Rat

Low

Mammals - Dermal LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹ body weight)

2000

Rat

Mammals - Inhalation LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.58

Rat 4 hr (nose only)

Other Mammal toxicity endpoints

ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.03

ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.03

AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.015

Rat SF=100

AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.015

Dermal penetration studies (%)

1.0-7.0

concentration dependent

Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464

Exposure Routes

Public

No unacceptable risks to bystanders identified

Occupational

No unacceptable risks to operators or other workers identified

MRLs

European

EU MRL pesticide database

Great Britain

GB MRL Register

Notes

GB MRL modified for sweetcorn April 2021 - see UK HSE website

Drinking Water Standards

Drinking Water MAC (μg l⁻¹)

Mammalian dose elimination route and rate

Extensively metabolised, elimination virtually complete within 120hrs mainly via the faeces (75-90%)

Health issues

Specific human health issues

Carcinogen

Genotoxic

Endocrine disruptor

; ; ; ;

Reproduction / development effects

Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor

Neurotoxicant

Respiratory tract irritant

Skin irritant

Skin sensitiser

Eye irritant

Phototoxicant

General human health issues

No further information available

Handling issues

Property

Value and interpretation

General

Not explosive or oxidising
IMDG Transport Hazard Class 6.1
Not expected to auto-ignite; Not highly flammable

CLP classification 2013

Health: H315, H331, H335
Environment: H400, H410

WHO Classification

Not listed (Not listed)

UN Number

UN2811

Waste disposal & packaging

Packaging Group III (minor danger)

Shelf-life, storage, stability and reactivity

Stability may be affected by light. Limited shelf-life. Store at 2-8 DegC and protect from light

TRANSLATIONS

Language

Name

English

pyraclostrobin

French

pyraclostrobine

German

Pyraclostrobin

Danish

pyraclostrobin

Italian

pyraclostrobin

Spanish

piraclostrobina

Greek

Polish

pyraklostrobina

Swedish

pyraklostrobin

Hungarian

Dutch

pyraclostrobin

Norwegian

pyraklostrobin

Record last updated:	22/08/2024
Contact:	aeru@herts.ac.uk
Please cite as:	Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242