Tetracycline |
Last updated: 02/05/2024 |
(Also known as: omegamycin ; abramycin ; anhydrotetracycline) |
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Broad spectrum antibiotic compound synthesised or derived from certain microorganisms of the genus Streptomyces used in veterinary products and for aquaculture | |
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Current | |
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- | |
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Used to treat certain bacterial infections and inflammatory skin conditions | |
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Pigs; Chickens; Cattle; Poultry; Fish; Sheep |
Approval status |
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Approved | |
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Approved |
Chemical structure |
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Isomeric | |
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C₂₂H₂₄N₂O₈ | |
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CC1(C2CC3C(C(=O)C(=C(C3(C(=O)C2=C(C4=C1C=CC=C4O)O)O)O)C(=O)N)N(C)C)O | |
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C[C@@]1([C@H]2C[C@H]3[C@@H](C(=O)C(=C([C@]3(C(=O)C2=C(C4=C1C=CC=C4O)O)O)O)C(=O)N)N(C)C)O | |
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OFVLGDICTFRJMM-WESIUVDSSA-N | |
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InChI=1S/C22H24N2O8/c1-21(31)8-5-4-6-11(25)12(8)16(26)13-9(21)7-10-15(24(2)3)17(27)14(20(23)30)19(29)22(10,32)18(13)28/h4-6,9-10,15,25-26,29,31-32H,7H2,1-3H3,(H2,23,30)/t9-,10-,15-,21+,22-/m0/s1 | |
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Yes |
General status |
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Antimicrobial, Feed additive | |
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Tetracycline substance | |
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Natural | |
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Protein synthesis inhibitor | |
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[30S ribosomal protein S7, Antagonist], [30S ribosomal protein S14, Antagonist], [30S ribosomal protein S3, Antagonist], [30S ribosomal protein S8, Antagonist], [30S ribosomal protein S19, Antagonist], [16S rRNA, anatogonist], [Major prion protein, Antagonist] | |
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60-54-8 | |
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200-481-9 | |
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- | |
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- | |
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54675776 | |
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Antiinfectants for systemic use; Dermatologicals; Genito urinary system & sex hormones; Sensory organs | |
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QJ01AA07;QJ51AA07; QD06AA04; QG01AA90; QG51AA02; QS01AA09; QS02AA08; QS03AA02 | |
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No | |
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Allowed substance (Table 1: All food producing species) | |
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444.4 | |
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- | |
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(4S,4αS,5αS,6S,12αR)-4-(dimethylamino)-1,6,10,11,12α-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-3,12-dioxo-4,4α,5,5aα-tetrahydrotetracene-2-carboxamide | |
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6-methyl-1,11-dioxy-2-naphthacenecarboxamide | |
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PAN Bad Actor chemical, Possible groundwater contaminant | |
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- | |
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Yellow crystalline solid |
Formulations |
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Alamycin Solution for Injection | Norbrook Laboratories Ltd | UK National authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | ||||||
Animedazon Cutaneous Spray | antiMedica GmbH | GB National authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | |||||||
Aquatet Premix Medicted feeding stuff | Pharmaq Ltd | UK National authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | |||||||
Bovocycline Pessary IntrauterineTablet | Eurovet Animal Health B.V. | GB National authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | |||||||
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Available in a wide range of formulations including solutions for injection, cutaneous sprays, pesseries and medicated feeding stuffs |
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1700 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
High | ||||||||
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20 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Ethanol3 = Unverified data of known source |
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172.5 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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5.01 X 10-02 | Calculated | - | |||||||
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-1.3 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low | ||||||||
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3.3 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
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pKa(2)=7.8; pKa(3)=9.6 | |||||||||||
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4.11 X 10-18 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low volatility | ||||||||
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Substance may enter the environment via the urine of treated animals or by leaching from spilt medicated feed. |
Degradation |
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30 | R3 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderately persistent | |||||||
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4.5 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Aerated pig manure DT₅₀ 9 days non-aerated; Other data 9-17 days in liquid manure4 = Verified data |
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0.1 | R3 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Fast | |||||||
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. | ||||||||||
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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- | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
Non-mobile | |||||||
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40000 | ||||||||||
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Fate indices |
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-0.89 | Calculated | Low leachability | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Known metabolites |
None
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Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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807 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Rat4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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Aquatic ecotoxicology |
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260.5 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Danio rerio 1 day3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low | ||||||||
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29.4 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Daphnia magna3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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1.0 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Lemna gibba3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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2.2 | R3 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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General |
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High (class III) | - | - | ||||||||
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807 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Rat4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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Intraperitoneal LD₅₀ = 310 mg kg⁻¹ | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Intravenous LD₅₀ = 129 mg kg⁻¹ | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Excreted unchanged in urine and to a lesser extent, in bile. Also identified in milk. | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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Health issues |
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May cause produce nausea, abdominal pain and burning and vomiting May cause renal dysfunction or failure Acts as co-carcinogen with UV radiation and increases the risk of skin cancer |
Handling issues |
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No information available | |||
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Not listed (Not listed) | |||
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tetracycline | ||
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tetracycline | ||
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tetraciclina | ||
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Record last updated: | 02/05/2024 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |