Acepromazine maleate |
Last updated: 07/03/2024 |
(Also known as: acetylpromazine maleate; ACP; ACE; acepromazine hydrogen maleate) |
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A veterinary phenothiazine neuroleptic drug used as a sedative | |
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Current | |
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1950's, first use in humans; late 1960's veterinary applications | |
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Used as a premedication for quietening and calming animals. It also has antihistamine effects. | |
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Horses; Dogs; Cats; Elephants; Deer |
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Approved | |
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Approved |
Chemical structure |
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None | |
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C₂₃H₂₆N₂O₅S | |
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CC(=O)C1=CC2=C(C=C1)SC3=CC=CC=C3N2CCCN(C)C.C(=CC(=O)O)C(=O)O | |
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CC(=O)C1=CC2=C(C=C1)SC3=CC=CC=C3N2CCCN(C)C.C(=C/C(=O)O)\C(=O)O | |
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FQRHOOHLUYHMGG-WLHGVMLRSA-N | |
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InChI=1S/C19H22N2OS.C4H4O4/c1-14(22)15-9-10-19-17(13-15)21(12-6-11-20(2)3)16-7-4-5-8-18(16)23-19;5-3(6)1-2-4(7)8/h4-5,7-10,13H,6,11-12H2,1-3H3;1-2H,(H,5,6)(H,7,8)/b;2-1- | |
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Yes |
General status |
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Tranquiliser, Antihistamine | |
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Phenothiazine neuroleptic | |
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Synthetic | |
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Has a depressant effect on the central nervous system and therefore causes sedation. Dopamine antagonist. | |
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[D(2) dopamine receptor, Antagonist], [D(1A) dopamine receptor, Antagonist], [5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor, Antagonist], [5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor, Antagonist], [Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor, Antagonist], [Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor, Antagonist] | |
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3598-37-6 | |
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222-748-9 | |
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6420038 | |
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Nervous system: Antipsychotics | |
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QN05AA04 | |
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No | |
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442.50 | |
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(E)-but-2-enedioic acid;1-[10-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]phenothiazin-2-yl]ethanone | |
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10-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)phenothiazine-2-yl methyl hydrogen maleate | |
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Yellow, crystalline powder |
Formulations |
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Acecare Injection for dogs and cats | Ecuphar NV | GB National authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | ||||||
Large animal immobilion solution for injection | AbbeyVet Export LLP | UK National authorisation (IC) | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | |||||||
ACP Solution for Injection | Elanco Europe Ltd | UK National authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | |||||||
Tranquigel 35 for dogs and horses | Le Vet Beheer B.V. | Mutually recognised procedure | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | |||||||
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Supplied as in a variety of formulations depending on intended application including solutions for injection, tablets and as an oral gel |
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37000 | V4 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) 4 = Verified data |
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333000 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Chloroform3 = Unverified data of known source |
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77000 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Methanol3 = Unverified data of known source |
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135 | V4 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) 4 = Verified data |
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497 | V4 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) 4 = Verified data |
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254.4 | V4 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) 4 = Verified data |
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Degradation |
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. | ||||||||||
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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Fate indices |
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Known soil and groundwater metabolites |
None
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2-(1-hydroxyethyl)promazine sulfoxide Note: C19H24N2O2S; Mwt = 344.47 |
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Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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400 | V4 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Rat4 = Verified data |
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Aquatic ecotoxicology |
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General |
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High (class III) | - | - | ||||||||
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400 | V4 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Rat4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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Subcutaneous LD₅₀ = 65 mg kg⁻¹ | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Mouse3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Intravenous LD₅₀ = 95 mg kg⁻¹ | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Metabolised by liver, excreted in urine | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Health issues |
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May affect heart and respiratory rate leading to hypotension Ingestion may cause gastrointestinal disturbances |
Handling issues |
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When heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of NOx and SOx | |||
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Health: H302, H315, H317, H332, H335 | |||
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Not listed (Not listed) | |||
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acepromazine maleate | ||
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maléate d'acépromazine | ||
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maleato de acepromazina | ||
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Record last updated: | 07/03/2024 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |