Florfenicol |
Last updated: 18/05/2024 |
(Also known as: fluorothiamphenicol; Sch-25298) |
|
|
A broad spectrum antibiotic which is active against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria | |
---|---|---|
|
Current | |
|
- | |
|
Used for treating various bacterial infections including those of the respiratory system and ears | |
|
Fish including Atlantic salmon; Cattle; Pigs; Chickens |
Approval status |
|
Approved | |
---|---|---|
|
Approved |
Chemical structure |
|
- | |
---|---|---|
|
C₁₂H₁₄Cl₂FNO₄S | |
|
CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(C(CF)NC(=O)C(Cl)Cl)O | |
|
CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)[C@H]([C@@H](CF)NC(=O)C(Cl)Cl)O | |
|
AYIRNRDRBQJXIF-NXEZZACHSA-N | |
|
InChI=1S/C12H14Cl2FNO4S/c1-21(19,20)8-4-2-7(3-5-8)10(17)9(6-15)16-12(18)11(13)14/h2-5,9-11,17H,6H2,1H3,(H,16,18)/t9-,10-/m1/s1 | |
|
Yes |
|
Common Name | Relationship | Link |
---|---|---|
florfenicol | - |
General status |
|
Antibiotic, Antibacterial, Medicinal drug, Feed additive | |
---|---|---|
|
Amphenicol | |
|
- | |
|
- | |
|
Synthetic | |
|
Inhibits protein synthesis by binding to ribosomal subunits of susceptible bacteria, leading to the inhibition of peptidyl transferase and thereby preventing the transfer of amino acids to growing peptide chains and subsequent protein formation. | |
|
[50S ribosomal protein L16, Antagonist] | |
|
73231-34-2 | |
|
- | |
|
- | |
|
- | |
|
- | |
|
Antiinfectants for systemic use: Antibacterials for systemic use, Antibacterials for intramammary use | |
|
QJ01BA90; QJ51BA90 | |
|
No | |
|
Allowed substance (Table 1: All food producing species) | |
|
358.21 | |
|
- | |
|
2,2-dichloro-N-[(1R,2S)-3-fluoro-1-hydroxy-1-(4-methylsulfonylphenyl)propan-2-yl]acetamide | |
|
2,2-dichloro-N-((1R,2S)-3-fluoro-1-hydroxy-1-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)propan-2-yl)ethanamide | |
|
- | |
|
- | |
|
White or off-white crystalline powder |
Formulations |
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Amphen Granules for Drinking Water Use | Huvepharma N.V. | GB National authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | ||||||
Fenflor 300 mg/ml solution for injection | Krka d.d. Novo Mesto | GB National authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | |||||||
Neptra Ear Drops | Bayer Animal Health GmbH | GB Nationl authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | |||||||
Norfenicol Solution for Injection | Norbrook Laboratories Ltd | GB National authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | |||||||
|
Available in a range of formulations including solutions for injection, ear drop solutions, granules for adding to drinking water and medicated pre-mix feeds |
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
1320 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) 4 = Verified data |
High | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
153 | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
- | ||||||||
|
618 | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
- | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
327 | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
- | ||||||||
|
|
2.36 X 1000 | Calculated | - | |||||||
|
0.373 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) 4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
1.68 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
- | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
- | |||||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
Max at 224 nm in an aqueous solution | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) 4 = Verified data |
- | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
1.548 | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
- | ||||||||
|
Substance may enter the environment via the urine and faeces of treated animals or by leaching from spilt medicated feed. |
Degradation |
|
|
|
|
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
158 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Persistent | |||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
USEPA Data: Dt50 range 87-270 days, Manured soils=3; Other data: Degrades to persistent amine metabolite DT₅₀ 4 to 27 days | ||||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. | ||||||||||
|
- |
Soil adsorption and mobility |
|
|
|
|
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
0.66 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) 4 = Verified data |
Mobile | |||||||
|
40.7 | ||||||||||
|
USEPA data: Kd range 0.6-0.95 mL g⁻¹, Koc range 24-52 mL g⁻¹, Soils=3; General literature Koc range 24-52 mL g⁻¹ | ||||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
- |
Fate indices |
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
5.26 | Calculated | High leachability | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
- | - |
Known soil and groundwater metabolites |
None
Other known metabolites |
|
|
|
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
florfenicol amine | - | Animal | - | ||||
florfenicol oxamic acid | - | Animal | - | ||||
florfenicol alcohol | - | Animal | - |
|
Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
|
|
|
|
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
> 2000 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low | ||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | - | |||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
- | - | - | |||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
- | |||||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
- | |||||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - |
Aquatic ecotoxicology |
|
|
|
|
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
> 780 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Oncorhynchus mykiss4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
|
780 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Oncorhynchus mykiss3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
> 330 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Daphnia magna4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
|
< 100 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Dphnia magna4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
> 2.9 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Selenastrum capricornutum4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
|
2.9 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Selenastrum capricornutum3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low | ||||||||
|
|
- | - | - |
|
- | - | - |
|
General |
|
|
|
|
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
High (class III) | - | - | ||||||||
|
> 2000 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
Intravenous LD₅₀ = 100 mg kg⁻¹ | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Mouse3 = Unverified data of known source |
- | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
|
- | |||||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
Around 60% of florfenicol is excreted, unchanged in urine | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
- |
Health issues |
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Liver, kidney and muscle tissue toxicant |
Handling issues |
|
|
|||
---|---|---|---|---|
|
No information available | |||
|
- | |||
|
Not listed (Not listed) | |||
|
- | |||
|
- | |||
|
- |
|
|
|
||
---|---|---|---|
|
florfenicol | ||
|
- | ||
|
- | ||
|
- | ||
|
- | ||
|
- | ||
|
- | ||
|
- | ||
|
- | ||
|
- | ||
|
- | ||
|
- |
Record last updated: | 18/05/2024 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |