Isoflurane |
Last updated: 14/01/2024 |
(Also known as: forane) |
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A substance used for veterinary inhalational anesthesia | |
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Current | |
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Used in veterinary anaesthetic regimes for premedication, induction and analgesia | |
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Elephants; Bears; Cats; Dogs; Horses; Fowls; Mammals; Reptiles; Caged birds; Rodents |
Approval status |
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Approved | |
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Approved |
Chemical structure |
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C₃H₂ClF₅O | |
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C(C(F)(F)F)(OC(F)F)Cl | |
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No data | |
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PIWKPBJCKXDKJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |
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InChI=1S/C3H2ClF5O/c4-1(3(7,8)9)10-2(5)6/h1-2H | |
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Yes |
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Common Name | Relationship | Link |
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isoflurane | - |
General status |
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Anesthesetic | |
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Halogenated ether | |
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Synthetic | |
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Involves interactions with multiple receptor sites to interfere with synaptic transmission. | |
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[Gamma-aminobutyric-acid (GABA) receptor subunit alpha-1, Agonist], [Calcium-transporting ATPase type 2C member 1, Antagonist], [Glycine receptor subunit alpha-1, agonist], [Glutamate receptor 1, Antagonist], [Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 1, agonist], [ATP synthase delta chain, mitochondrial], [Calmodulin] | |
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26675-46-7 | |
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247-897-7 | |
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Nervous system: Anaesthetics | |
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QN01AB06 | |
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No | |
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Allowed substance (Table 1: Equidae) | |
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184.49 | |
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2-chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,1-trifluoro-ethane | |
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Clear, colourless liquid |
Formulations |
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Isofane Inhalation Vapour Liquid | Piramal Critical Care Ltd | UK National authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | ||||||
Isoflo inhalation vapour, liquid | Zoetis UK Ltd | GB National authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | |||||||
Iso-Vet Inhalation Vapour Liquid | Piramal Critical Care Ltd | GB National authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | |||||||
Vetflurane inhalation vapour, liquid | Virbac | GB National authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | |||||||
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Supplied as aliquid for inhalation as a vapour |
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4470 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Not applicable | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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48.5 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) 4 = Verified data |
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1.15 X 1002 | Calculated | - | |||||||
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2.06 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low | ||||||||
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1.45 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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31.7 X 1006 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Highly volatile. If applied directly to plants or soil, drift is a concern & mitigation is advisable | ||||||||
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1.2990-1.3005 | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Degradation |
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. | ||||||||||
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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Fate indices |
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Known metabolites |
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Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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Aquatic ecotoxicology |
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General |
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High (class III) | - | - | ||||||||
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15.3 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Rat 3 hr4 = Verified data |
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Intraperitoneal LD₅₀ = 4.28 mL kg⁻¹ | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Mainly eliminated via the lungs | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Health issues |
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Strong respiratory depressant Muscle relaxant May cause hypotension |
Handling issues |
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Not expected to auto-ignite; Not highly flammable | |||
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Not listed (Not listed) | |||
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isoflurane | ||
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isoflurano | ||
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Record last updated: | 14/01/2024 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |