Clomipramine hydrochloride |
Last updated: 07/03/2024 |
(Also known as: clomipramine HCl ; monochlorimipramine HCl; 3-chloroimipramine hydrochloride) |
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A veterinary anxiety drug | |
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Current | |
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circa 1960s, discovered | |
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Widely used for the treatment of disturbed behaviour such as urine spraying or fealther pulling | |
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Cats; Dogs; Horses; Pet birds |
Approval status |
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Approved | |
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Approved |
Chemical structure |
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C₁₉H₂₄Cl₂N₂ | |
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CN(C)CCCN1C2=CC=CC=C2CCC3=C1C=C(C=C3)Cl.Cl | |
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WIMWMKZEIBHDTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |
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InChI=1S/C19H23ClN2.ClH/c1-21(2)12-5-13-22-18-7-4-3-6-15(18)8-9-16-10-11-17(20)14-19(16)22;/h3-4,6-7,10-11,14H,5,8-9,12-13H2,1-2H3;1H | |
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Yes |
General status |
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Antidepressant, Medicinal drug | |
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Unclassified substance | |
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Synthetic | |
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Largely unclear but though to inhibit norepinephrine and serotonin uptake into central nerve terminals | |
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[Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter, Antagonist], [5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor, Antagonist], [5-hydroxytryptamine 2B receptor, Antagonist], [5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptor, Antagonist], [Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter, Antagonist], [Glutathione S-transferase P, Antagonist] | |
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17321-77-6 | |
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241-344-3 | |
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68539 | |
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Nervous system: Psychoanaleptics | |
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QN06AA04 | |
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No | |
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351.32 | |
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3-(2-chloro-5,6-dihydrobenzo[b][1]benzazepin-11-yl)-N,N-dimethylpropan-1-amine monohydrochloride | |
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5H-dibenz(b,f)azepine-5-propanamine, 3-chloro-10,11-dihydro-N,N-dimethyl-, monohydrochloride | |
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Off-white coloured solid |
Formulations |
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Clomicalm tablets for dogs | Virbac | GB National authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | ||||||
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Usually supplied tablet form for oral administration |
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189 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) 4 = Verified data |
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Degradation |
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. | ||||||||||
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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Fate indices |
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Known soil and groundwater metabolites |
None
Other known metabolites |
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desmethylclomipramine | - | Humans (Liver) | - | ||||
8-hydroxyclomipramine | - | - | - | ||||
clomipramine N-oxide | - | - | - | ||||
2-hydroxyclomipramine | - | - | - |
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Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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470 | E3 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets Mouse3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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Aquatic ecotoxicology |
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General |
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High (class III) | - | - | ||||||||
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470 | E3 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets Mouse3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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Subcutaneous LD₅₀ = 1750 mg kg⁻¹ | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Intravenous LD₅₀ = 26 mg kg⁻¹ | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Around 50-60% of administered dose is elminated in the urine and about 20-30% in faeces. Also found in human milk | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Health issues |
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May cause fatigue, dizziness, lightheadedness, headaches, confusion, agitation and various other side effects |
Handling issues |
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No information available | |||
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Not listed (Not listed) | |||
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Not regulated | |||
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clomipramine hydrochloride | ||
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clomipramina | ||
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Record last updated: | 07/03/2024 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |