Halofuginone |
Last updated: 06/02/2024 |
(Not known by any other names) |
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A quinazoline anti-coccidial drug which is often formulated using the lactate variant. The active substance was originally obtained by modification of a substance isolated from Dichroa febrifuqa | |
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Current | |
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early 1980s, introduced | |
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Used for the prevention of diarrhoea due to diagnosed Cryptosporidium parvum | |
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Poultry; Cattle (calves) |
Approval status |
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Approved | |
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Approved |
Chemical structure |
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Isomeric | |
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C₁₆H₁₇BrClN₃O₃ | |
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C1CC(C(NC1)CC(=O)CN2C=NC3=CC(=C(C=C3C2=O)Cl)Br)O | |
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C1C[C@H]([C@@H](NC1)CC(=O)CN2C=NC3=CC(=C(C=C3C2=O)Cl)Br)O | |
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LVASCWIMLIKXLA-LSDHHAIUSA-N | |
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InChI=1S/C16H17BrClN3O3/c17-11-6-13-10(5-12(11)18)16(24)21(8-20-13)7-9(22)4-14-15(23)2-1-3-19-14/h5-6,8,14-15,19,23H,1-4,7H2/t14-,15-/m1/s1 | |
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Yes |
General status |
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Coccidiostat, Antiprotozoal, Feed additive | |
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Quinazolinone | |
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98% | |
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Semi-synthetic | |
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Inhibits the development of T helper 17 cells that influence immune function | |
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[Growth factor - Beta (TGF-Beta), Inhibitor] | |
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55837-20-2 | |
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456390 | |
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Antiparasitic products, insecticides & repellents: Antiprotozoals | |
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QP51AX08 | |
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No | |
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Allowed substance (Table 1: Bovine) | |
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414.68 | |
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- | |
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7-bromo-6-chloro-3-[3-[(2S,3R)-3-hydroxy-2-piperidinyl]-2-oxopropyl]-4-quinazolinone | |
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trans-7-bromo-6-chloro-3-(3-(3-hydroxy-2-piperidinyl)-2-oxopropyl)-4(3H)-quinazolinone | |
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Yellow liquid | |
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Formulations |
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Usually formulated, as the lactate, for use as an oral solution |
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Degradation |
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. | ||||||||||
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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Fate indices |
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Known metabolites |
None
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Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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4.4 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Mouse4 = Verified data |
High | ||||||||
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17.7 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Gallus gallus domesticus3 = Unverified data of known source |
High | ||||||||
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> 21.0 | A3 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Lumbricus terrestris NOEL lactate salt3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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Aquatic ecotoxicology |
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0.12 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Lepomis macrochirus3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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0.02 | A3 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Daphnia magna as lactate salt3 = Unverified data of known source |
High | ||||||||
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46.0 | A3 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Chlorella pyrenoidosa as lactate salt3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low | ||||||||
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General |
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High (class III) | - | - | ||||||||
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4.4 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Mouse4 = Verified data |
High | ||||||||
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3.98 | A3 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Around 80% of dose is eliminated in faeces within a week. Some residues also identified in bile. | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 4 = Verified data |
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Health issues |
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Possible liver and kideny toxicant |
Handling issues |
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No information available | |||
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Not listed (Not listed) | |||
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halofuginone | ||
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halofuginona | ||
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Record last updated: | 06/02/2024 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |