Ketamine |
Last updated: 18/05/2024 |
(Also known as: dl-ketamine) |
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A rapid-acting, non-narcotic, non-barbiturate veterinary drug, usually used as the hydrochloride salt | |
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Used for anesthetic use and for chemical restraint | |
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Cats; Dogs; Primates; Farmed livestock; Small domestic pets; Horses; Rodents |
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Approved | |
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Approved |
Chemical structure |
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Isomeric mixture | |
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C₁₃H₁₆ClNO | |
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CNC1(CCCCC1=O)C2=CC=CC=C2Cl | |
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No data | |
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YQEZLKZALYSWHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |
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InChI=1S/C13H16ClNO/c1-15-13(9-5-4-8-12(13)16)10-6-2-3-7-11(10)14/h2-3,6-7,15H,4-5,8-9H2,1H3 | |
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Yes |
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Common Name | Relationship | Link |
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ketamine | - | |
(-)-ketamine | - |
General status |
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Medicinal drug: anesthetic; dissociative hypnotic | |
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Chlorobenzene | |
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Synthetic | |
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Can block NMDA receptors and may interact with sigma receptors. | |
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[Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A, Antagonist], [Substance-P receptor, Antagonist], [D(2) dopamine receptor, Partial agonist], [Delta-type opioid receptor, Binder], [Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter] | |
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6740-88-1 | |
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229-804-1 | |
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Anesthetics | |
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QN01AX03 | |
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UK: Class B, Schedule 2 | |
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337.73 | |
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(RS)-2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)cyclohexanone | |
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(RS)-2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)cyclohexanone | |
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2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)cyclohexanone | |
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Formulations |
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Anaestamine 100 mg/ml Solution for Injection | Le Vet Beheer B.V. | GB National Authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | ||||||
Ketabel 100 mg/ml Solution for Injection | Bela-Pharm GmbH & Co KG | GB National authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | |||||||
Narketan-10 100 mg/ml Solution for Injection | Vetoquinol UK Ltd | UK National authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | |||||||
Nimatek 100 mg/ml Solution for Injection | Eurovet Animal Health B.V. | GB National authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | |||||||
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Formulated as solutions for injection |
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2800 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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92 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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1.51 X 1002 | Calculated | - | |||||||
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2.18 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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7.5 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Degradation |
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. | ||||||||||
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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Fate indices |
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Known metabolites |
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Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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447 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Aquatic ecotoxicology |
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> 4.68 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Danio rerio EC₅₀ Larva3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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General |
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447 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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Intraperitoneal LD₅₀ = 400 mg kg⁻¹ | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Mouse3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Intraveous LD₅₀ = 77 mg kg⁻¹ | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Mouse3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Hepatic metabolism | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Health issues |
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May increase heart rate and arterial blood pressure May cause gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea May cause hallucinations, dream-like states and emergence delirium |
Handling issues |
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Will emit toxic fumes when heated to decomposition | |||
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Not listed (Not listed) | |||
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Not regulated | |||
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ketamine | ||
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cetamina | ||
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Record last updated: | 18/05/2024 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |