Lepimectin |
![]() Last updated: 12/09/2025 |
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(Not known by any other names) |
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A veterinary antiparasitic agent that targets biting and sucking parasites | |
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Mites; Fleas; Ticks | |
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Cattle; Sheep; Goats; Horses; Dogs; Cats |
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Approved - usually supplied as a prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | |
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Approved |
Chemical structure |
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Lepimectin exhibits structural isomerism through its existence as a mixture of two closely related compounds: Lepimectin A3 and Lepimectin A4. These isomers differ subtly in their methyl and ethyl substitutions on the milbemycin backbone, which affects their molecular weight and biological activity. Both isomers share the same core macrocyclic lactone structure vary in the side chain configuration, particularly at the C-25 position, where one has a methyl group and the other an ethyl group. This difference classifies them as constitutional isomers, not stereoisomers, because the connectivity of atoms changes rather than their spatial arrangement. The mixture is typically composed of 80–100% Lepimectin A3 and 0–20% Lepimectin A4. | |
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C₈₁H₁₀₄N₂O₂₀ | |
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Yes |
General status |
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Anti-parasitic | |
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Milbemycin (mixture of ethyl & methyl derivatives) | |
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Natural | |
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Glutamate-gated chloride channel (GluCl) allosteric modulator. | |
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[Glutamate-gated chloride channel (GluCl); Allosteric modulator] | |
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171249-05-1 | |
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Antiparasitic agents | |
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None allocated | |
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1425.69 | |
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mixture of 80 to 100% (2aE,4E,8E)-(5'S,6S,6'R,7R,11R,13R,15S,17aR,20R,20aR,20bS)-6'-ethyl-3',4',5',6,6',7,10,11,14,15,17a,20,20a,20b-tetradecahydro-20,20b-dihydroxy-5',6,8,19-tetramethyl-17-oxospiro[11,15-methano-2H,13H,17H-furo[4,3,2-pq][2,6]benzodioxacyclooctadecin-13,2'-[2H]pyran]-7-yl (Z)-2-methoxyimino-2-phenylacetate and 20–0% (2aE,4E,8E)-(5'S,6S,6'R,7R,11R,13R,15S,17aR,20R,20aR,20bS)-3',4',5',6,6',7,10,11,14,15,17a,20,20a,20b-tetradecahydro-20,20b-dihydroxy-5',6,6',8,19-pentamethyl-17-oxospiro(11,15-methano-2H13H,17H-furo(4,3,2-pq)(2,6)benzodioxacyclooctadecin-13,2'-(2H)pyran)-7-yl (Z)-2-methoxyimino-2-phenylacetate | |
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mixture of 80 to 100% (2aE,4E,8E)-(5'S,6S,6'R,7R,11R,13R,15S,17aR,20R,20aR,20bS)-6'-ethyl-3',4',5',6,6',7,10,11,14,15,17a,20,20a,20b-tetradecahydro-20,20b-dihydroxy-5',6,8,19-tetramethyl-17-oxospiro[11,15-methano-2H,13H,17H-furo[4,3,2-pq][2,6]benzodioxacyclooctadecin-13,2'-[2H]pyran]-7-yl (Z)-2-methoxyimino-2-phenylacetate and 20–0% (2aE,4E,8E)-(5'S,6S,6'R,7R,11R,13R,15S,17aR,20R,20aR,20bS)-3',4',5',6,6',7,10,11,14,15,17a,20,20a,20b-tetradecahydro-20,20b-dihydroxy-5',6,6',8,19-pentamethyl-17-oxospiro[11,15-methano-2H,13H,17H-furo(4,3,2-pq)(2,6)benzodioxacyclooctadecin-13,2'-(2H)pyran)-7-yl (Z)-2-methoxyimino-2-phenylacetate | |
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(6R,13R,25R)-5-O-demethyl-28-deoxy-6,28-epoxy-13-((Z)-((methoxyimino)phenylacetyl)oxy)-25-methylmilbemycin B mixture with (6R,13R,25R)-5-O-demethyl-28-deoxy-6,28-epoxy-25-ethyl-13-((Z)-((methoxyimino)phenylacetyl)oxy)milbemycin B | |
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Off-white coloured solid |
Commercial |
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Current | |||
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1972, first isolated | |||
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Usually formulated as an emulsifiable concentrate | |||
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Lepimectin is commercially produced through a semi-synthetic process that begins with fermentation of Streptomyces species to yield milbemycin derivatives, specifically 15-hydroxy-5-ketomilbemycin A3 and A4. These intermediates are then chemically modified by coupling with methoxyiminophenylacetic acid, followed by reduction using agents like sodium borohydride to produce lepimectin A3 and A4, the active components of the final product | |||
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As microbial-based products tend to use fermentation-based production processes rather than chemical synthesis, they typically have a lower fossil fuel input in formulation and active ingredient creation, and also have reduced downstream emissions due to biodegradability and minimal soil disruption, their life-cycle GHG emissions are expected to be low. Whilst hard and precise data is not available, broad estimates suggest that typically emissions are likely to be below 5 kg CO₂e/kg. |
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. | ||||||||||
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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Fate indices |
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Known metabolites |
None
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Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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> 2000 | Q2 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources Rat2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
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Aquatic ecotoxicology |
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General |
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> 2000 | Q2 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources Rat2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
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Usually eliminated via hepatic metabolism, followed by biliary and fecal excretion | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Health issues |
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No information available |
Handling issues |
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Not listed (Not listed) | |||
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lepimectin | ||
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lepimectine | ||
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Record last updated: | 12/09/2025 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |