Sulfamethoxazole |
Last updated: 22/05/2024 |
(Also known as: sulfisomezole; sulphamethoxazole; sulfadimidine) |
|
|
A commonly used veterinary antibiotic, especially in combination with trimethoprim | |
---|---|---|
|
Current | |
|
1961, first introduced USA | |
|
Used to treat a variety of bacterial and protozoal infections, including diarrhea, many urinary and respiratory tract, gastrointestinal, skin, and ear infections | |
|
Dogs; Cats; Horses; Pigs; Chickens; Cattle, Bearded dragons |
Approval status |
|
Approved | |
---|---|---|
|
Approved |
Chemical structure |
|
None | |
---|---|---|
|
C₁₀H₁₁N₃O₃S | |
|
CC1=CC(=NO1)NS(=O)(=O)C2=CC=C(C=C2)N | |
|
- | |
|
JLKIGFTWXXRPMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |
|
InChI=1S/C10H11N3O3S/c1-7-6-10(12-16-7)13-17(14,15)9-4-2-8(11)3-5-9/h2-6H,11H2,1H3,(H,12,13) | |
|
Yes |
|
Common Name | Relationship | Link |
---|---|---|
sulfamethoxazole | - |
General status |
|
Medicinal drug; Amtibiotic | |
---|---|---|
|
Isoxazole medicinal drug; Sulfonamide medicinal drug | |
|
- | |
|
- | |
|
Synthetic | |
|
Interferes with folic acid synthesis in susceptible bacteria. Cytochrome P450 2C9 Inhibitor | |
|
[Dihydropteroate synthase, Antagonist] | |
|
723-46-6 | |
|
144930-01-8 | |
|
211-963-3 | |
|
- | |
|
- | |
|
5329 | |
|
Antiinfectives for systemic use: Sulfonamides | |
|
QJ01EQ11; QJ01EW11; QJ04AM08 | |
|
No | |
|
- | |
|
253.28 | |
|
4-amino-N-(5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-3-yl)benzenesulfonamide | |
|
4-amino-N-(5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-3-yl)benzenesulfonamide | |
|
- | |
|
- | |
|
- | |
|
White crystalline powder | |
|
Formulations |
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Metaxol 20/100 mg/ml Solution for Use in Drinking Water | Eurovet Animal Health B.V. | GB National authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | ||||||
Sulfatrim (16 mg/ml + 80 mg/ml) Oral Drops | Alfasan Nederland B.V. | GB National authorisation (Limited MA) | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | |||||||
|
Formulated as an liquid additive for drinking water or as oral drops |
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
169 | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
- | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
1.4895 | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
- | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
- | |||||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
Monitoring studies have identified this substance in pig, cattle and poultry manure |
Degradation |
|
|
|
|
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. | ||||||||||
|
- |
Soil adsorption and mobility |
|
|
|
|
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
- |
Fate indices |
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
- | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
- | - |
Known metabolites |
None
|
Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
|
|
|
|
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
> 2550 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Mouse3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low | ||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | - | |||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
- | - | - | |||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
- | |||||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
- | |||||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - |
Aquatic ecotoxicology |
|
|
|
|
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
562.5 | M3 M = GLEAMS Model database (Groundwater Loading Effects of Agricultural Management Systems). Dataset no longer available. Oryzias latipes3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
109.2 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Danio rerio EC₅₀ Embryo3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low | ||||||||
|
75.0 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Daphnia magna3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
> 0.14 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Ceriodaphnia dubia4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
3.4 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Raphidocelis subcapitata3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
|
- | - | - |
|
- | - | - |
|
General |
|
|
|
|
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
> 2550 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Mouse3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
|
- | |||||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
Approx. 85% of a single oral dose of is recovered in the urine within 72 hours, of which around 30% is unchanged drug and the remainder is the N4-acetylated metabolite. | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
- |
Health issues |
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
No information available |
Handling issues |
|
|
|||
---|---|---|---|---|
|
Not explosive or oxidising Not compatible with strong oxidising agents IMDG Transport Hazard Class 9 |
|||
|
Health: H361fd Environment: H400, H411 |
|||
|
Not listed (Not listed) | |||
|
UN3077 | |||
|
Packaging Group III (minor danger) | |||
|
Store at 2-8 DegC in the dark. Chemically stable under standard ambient conditions |
|
|
|
||
---|---|---|---|
|
sulfamethoxazole | ||
|
- | ||
|
- | ||
|
- | ||
|
- | ||
|
- | ||
|
- | ||
|
- | ||
|
- | ||
|
- | ||
|
- | ||
|
- |
Record last updated: | 22/05/2024 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |