Romifidine hydrochloride |
![]() Last updated: 16/09/2025 |
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(Also known as: romifidine HCl) |
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A potent, selective tranquiliser and sedative drug | |
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Used to induce sedation and analgesia | |
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Horses; Elephants; Cats; Dogs |
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Approved - usually supploed as a prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | |
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Approved |
Chemical structure |
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None | |
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C₉H₁₀BrClFN₃ | |
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C1CN=C(N1)NC2=C(C=CC=C2Br)F.Cl | |
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SDXVSIWCVTYYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |
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InChI=1S/C9H9BrFN3.ClH/c10-6-2-1-3-7(11)8(6)14-9-12-4-5-13-9;/h1-3H,4-5H2,(H2,12,13,14);1H | |
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Yes |
General status |
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Sedative, Anesthetic, Analgesic, Relaxant, Medicinal drug | |
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Imino-imidazoline | |
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Synthetic | |
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An alpha2-adrenocetor agonist producing the sedation and analgesic effects | |
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[alpha2-adrenocetor, Agonist] | |
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65896-14-2 | |
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629-835-4 | |
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20226420 | |
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Nervous system: Psycholeptics | |
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QN05CM93 | |
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No | |
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Allowed substance (Table 1: Equidae) | |
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294.55 | |
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N-(2-bromo-6-fluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine;hydrochloride | |
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Commercial |
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Current | |||
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1980s, first synthesised; 1990s, vet use expands; 2000s, first approvals EU & UK | |||
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Usually administered via a single intravenous injection | |||
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The production of romifidine hydrochloride begins with the synthesis of its imidazole-based core structure. The key intermediate, N-(2-bromo-6-fluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine, is typically prepared through a multi-step process involving halogenation, nitration, and cyclisation of substituted aniline derivatives. Once the base compound is formed, it is reacted with hydrochloric acid to yield the monohydrochloride salt, which improves its solubility and stability for pharmaceutical use. | |||
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Published GHG data is not available for most pharmaceuticals. However, according to industry, global averages suggest producing 1 kg of a typical active pharmaceutical ingredient can range from 10 to 100 kg CO₂e for small molecule drugs and potentially up to 1000 kg CO₂e for complex biologicals such as vaccines, depending on the drug type, its formulation, complexity of synthesis, solvent recovery, and energy sources used. |
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. | ||||||||||
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Fate indices |
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Known metabolites |
None
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Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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> 175 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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General |
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High (class III) | - | - | ||||||||
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> 175 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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Rapidly absorbed and metabolised, excreted in the urine with only small amounts in the faeces | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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Health issues |
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May cause agqressiveness and irritancy |
Handling issues |
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No information available | |||
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Not listed (Not listed) | |||
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romifidine hydrochloride | ||
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Record last updated: | 16/09/2025 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |