Oxytetracycline |
Last updated: 31/07/2024 |
(Also known as: terramycin; oxytracyl; oxytetrin; terramitsin; oxitetracycline; crop antibiotic; liquamycin) |
|
|
A highly active broad spectrum antibiotic used to control infection animals diseses and bacterial pathogens. Usually used as the hydrochloride salt. | |
---|---|---|
|
Current | |
|
1974, first registered USA | |
|
Used to control gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases as well as some skin conditions including Rickettsial infections, Lupus | |
|
Calves; Non-lactating dairy cattle; Beef; Pigs; Fish; Poultry; Cats; Dogs |
Approval status |
|
Approved | |
---|---|---|
|
Approved |
Chemical structure |
|
A complex molecule with 6 chiral centres | |
---|---|---|
|
C₂₂H₂₄N₂O₉ | |
|
CC1(C2C(C3C(C(=O)C(=C(C3(C(=O)C2=C(C4=C1C=CC=C4O)O)O)O)C(=O)N)N(C)C)O)O | |
|
C[C@@]1([C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H]3[C@@H](C(=O)C(=C([C@]3(C(=O)C2=C(C4=C1C=CC=C4O)O)O)O)C(=O)N)N(C)C)O)O | |
|
IWVCMVBTMGNXQD-PXOLEDIWSA-N | |
|
InChI=1S/C22H24N2O9/c1-21(32)7-5-4-6-8(25)9(7)15(26)10-12(21)17(28)13-14(24(2)3)16(27)11(20(23)31)19(30)22(13,33)18(10)29/h4-6,12-14,17,25,27-29,32-33H,1-3H3,(H2,23,31)/t12-,13-,14+,17+,21-,22+/m1/s1 | |
|
Yes |
|
Common Name | Relationship | Link |
---|---|---|
oxytetracycline | - |
General status |
|
Bactericide, Antimicrobial, Antiseptic, Medicated feed additive | |
---|---|---|
|
Antimicrobial | |
|
Micro-organism derived substance | |
|
- | |
|
- | |
|
Natural | |
|
Broad spectrum, protein synthesis inhibitor and binds to the 30S and 50S bacterial ribosomal subunits | |
|
[30S ribosomal protein S9, Antagonist], [30S ribosomal protein S4, Antagonist], [16S rRNA, Antagonist] | |
|
79-57-2 | |
|
2058-46-0; 6153-64-6 (dihydrate) | |
|
201-212-8 | |
|
316 | |
|
006308 | |
|
- | |
|
Dermatologicals: Antibiotics and chemotherapeutics for dermatological use; Antiinfectants for systemic use: Antibacterials for systemic use | |
|
QD06AA03 for topical use; QJ01AA06 for systemic use; Others available | |
|
No | |
|
Allowed substance (Table 1: All food producing species) | |
|
460.44 | |
|
- | |
|
(4S,4aR,5S,5aR,6S,12aS)-4-dimethylamino-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydro-3,5,6,10,12,12a-hexahydroxy-6-methyl-1,11-dioxonaphthacene-2-carboxamide | |
|
(4S,4aR,5S,5aR,6S,12aS)-4-(dimethylamino)-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydro-3,5,6,10,12,12a-hexahydroxy-6-methyl-1,11-dioxo-2-naphthacenecarboxamide | |
|
Possible groundwater contaminant | |
|
- | |
|
Pale yellow to tan coloured crystalline powder | |
|
Formulations |
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Alamycin Solution for Injection | Norbrook Laboratories Ltd | UK National authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | ||||||
Engemycin DD Solution for Injection | MSD Animal Health UK Ltd | UK National authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | |||||||
Hypersol Powder for Drinking Water | Huvepharma SA | GB National authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | |||||||
Cyclosol LA 200mg/ml Solution for Injection | Eurovet Animal Health B.V. | GB National authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | |||||||
|
Currently available formulations include solutions for injection, cutaneous sprays, powders for adding to drinking water and medicated premix feeds |
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
600 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
High | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
Decomposes on melting | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
- | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
179 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
- | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
- | |||||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
Substance may enter the environment via the faeces of treated animals or by leaching from spilt medicated feed. Monitoring studies have identified this substance in livestock manures. |
Degradation |
|
|
|
|
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
43.8 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Aerobic sediment slurry; Other data DT₅₀ (1) 79 days slurry; (2) 12,0-15.4 day slurry4 = Verified data |
- | ||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. | ||||||||||
|
- |
Soil adsorption and mobility |
|
|
|
|
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
- |
Fate indices |
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
- | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
0.6 | J2 J = Pesticide Action Network database (click here ) Mollusca2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
Low potential | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Not available | - |
Known metabolites |
None
|
Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
|
|
|
|
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
7200 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Mouse4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | - | |||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
> 5620 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Anas platyrhynchos as HCl variant3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
1954 | R3 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications as HCl variant3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
- | - | - | |||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
100 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) as HCl variant3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
- | |||||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
- | |||||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
|
- | - | - | |||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - |
Aquatic ecotoxicology |
|
|
|
|
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
116 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Oncorhynchus mykiss as HCl variant3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
102 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Daphnia magna as HCl variant3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low | ||||||||
|
46.2 | R3 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Daphnia magna as HCl variant3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
0.342 | R3 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Selenastrum capricornutum as HCl variant3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
|
0.183 | R3 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Selenastrum capricornutum as HCl variant3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
|
|
- | - | - |
|
- | - | - |
|
General |
|
|
|
|
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
High (class III) | - | - | ||||||||
|
7200 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Mouse4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
- | - | - | ||||||||
|
|
- | |||||||||
|
- | ||||||||||
|
Systemically available oxytetracycline was primarily excreted in the urine and bile | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
- |
Health issues |
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
May cause hypersensitivity reactions May cause tooth discoloration |
Handling issues |
|
|
|||
---|---|---|---|---|
|
No information available | |||
|
Health: H302, H312, H317, H332, H360d Environment: H400, H410 |
|||
|
Not listed (Not listed) | |||
|
- | |||
|
- | |||
|
- |
|
|
|
||
---|---|---|---|
|
oxytetracycline | ||
|
oxytetracycline | ||
|
Oxytetracyclin | ||
|
oxytetracyclin | ||
|
oxytetracicline | ||
|
oxitetraciclina | ||
|
- | ||
|
oksytetracyklina | ||
|
- | ||
|
- | ||
|
- | ||
|
- |
Record last updated: | 31/07/2024 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |