Rotenone (Ref: ENT 133) |
Last updated: 23/10/2024 |
(Also known as: derris root; derris; haiari; barbasco; aker-root) |
SUMMARY |
A naturally occurring chemical with multiple crop protection applications. It is moderately toxic. It is not environmentally persistent degrading in soil in a few days. It is not expected to leach from soil or contaminate groundwaters. It is highly toxic to all aquatic organisms, earthworms and to honeybees. |
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An isoflavone compound used as a broad-spectrum insecticide | |
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Current | |
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circa 1935, introduced | |
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Used to control a variety of insect pests including parasitic mites, fleas, ticks and mites | |
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Dogs; Cats; Fowl; Poultry |
Approval status |
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Not approved | |
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Not approved |
Chemical structure |
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A chiral molecule. The technical material is a misture of the cis- and trans-forms | |
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C₂₃H₂₂O₆ | |
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CC(=C)C1CC2=C(O1)C=CC3=C2OC4COC5=CC(=C(C=C5C4C3=O)OC)OC | |
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CC(=C)[C@H]1CC2=C(O1)C=CC3=C2O[C@@H]4COC5=CC(=C(C=C5[C@@H]4C3=O)OC)OC | |
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JUVIOZPCNVVQFO-HBGVWJBISA-N | |
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InChI=1S/C23H22O6/c1-11(2)16-8-14-15(28-16)6-5-12-22(24)21-13-7-18(25-3)19(26-4)9-17(13)27-10-20(21)29-23(12)14/h5-7,9,16,20-21H,1,8,10H2,2-4H3/t16-,20-,21+/m1/s1 | |
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Yes |
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Common Name | Relationship | Link |
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rotenone | - |
General status |
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Insecticide, Antiparasitic | |
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Plant-derived substance | |
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- | |
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- | |
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Natural | |
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Selective, non-systemic with contact and stomach action. Mitochondrial complex I electron transport inhibitor. | |
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[Complex I of the mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC), Inhibitor], [Mitosis, Inhibitor] | |
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83-79-4 | |
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201-501-9 | |
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38 | |
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071003 | |
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- | |
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- | |
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None allocated | |
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No | |
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- | |
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394.42 | |
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- | |
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(2R,6aS,12aS)-1,2,6,6a,12,12a-hexahydro-2-isopropenyl-8,9-dimethoxychromeno[3,4-b]furo[2,3-h]chromen-6-one | |
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(2R,6aS,12aS)-1,2,12,12a-tetrahydro-8,9-dimethoxy-2-(1-methylethenyl)(1)benzopyrano(3,4-b)furo(2,3-h)(1)benzopyran-6(6aH)-one | |
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Marine Pollutant; Chemical subject to PIC regulations; PAN listed Highly Hazardous Chemical | |
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- | |
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White powder |
Formulations |
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15.0 | R3 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low | ||||||||
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- | - | - | ||||||||
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163 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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215 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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1.45 X 1004 | Calculated | - | |||||||
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4.16 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
High | ||||||||
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0.67 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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1.0 | G4 G = Extension Toxicology network database EXTOXNET. Available online but no longer updated. (click here ) 4 = Verified data |
Low volatility. If applied directly to plants or soil, drift is a concern & mitigation is advisable | ||||||||
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1.13 X 10-08 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Non-volatile | ||||||||
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Degradation |
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2 | G4 G = Extension Toxicology network database EXTOXNET. Available online but no longer updated. (click here ) 4 = Verified data |
Non-persistent | |||||||
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3 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Non-persistent | ||||||||
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Best available data | ||||||||||
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1.3 | C4 C = AGRITOX dataset. Dataset is no longer available. 4 = Verified data |
Non-persistent | |||||||
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. | ||||||||||
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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- | G3 G = Extension Toxicology network database EXTOXNET. Available online but no longer updated. (click here ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Non-mobile | |||||||
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10000 | ||||||||||
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Fate indices |
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0.00 | Calculated | Low leachability | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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26 | J4 J = Pesticide Action Network database (click here ) Lepomis macrochirus4 = Verified data |
Low potential | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Not available | - |
Known metabolites |
None
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Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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> 132 | G4 G = Extension Toxicology network database EXTOXNET. Available online but no longer updated. (click here ) Rat4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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10 | Q2 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources Dog2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
High | |||||||
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> 2600 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Anas platyrhynchos4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
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> 150 | Q2 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources Eisenia foetida2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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> 0.24 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Apis mellifera4 = Verified data |
High | |||||||
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> 12 | R3 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Apis mellifera3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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> 0.68 | R3 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Bombus terrestris 72 hr3 = Unverified data of known source |
High | ||||||||
Literature LD₅₀ values range 0.17-0.97 µg bee⁻¹ | |||||||||||
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> 6.5 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Chrysoperla carnea Larva4 = Verified data |
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Harmful | Q2 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources Parasitic wasp2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
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Moderately harmful | AA2 AA = IOBC Database on classification of side effects to beneficial organisms, 2005 Typhlodromus pyri2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
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Aquatic ecotoxicology |
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0.0019 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Oncorhynchus mykiss3 = Unverified data of known source |
High | ||||||||
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0.0012 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Oncorhynchus mykiss 32 day LOEC3 = Unverified data of known source |
High | ||||||||
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0.011 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Danio rerio Embryo3 = Unverified data of known source |
High | ||||||||
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0.004 | J4 J = Pesticide Action Network database (click here ) Daphnia magna4 = Verified data |
High | ||||||||
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0.001 | Q2 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources Daphnia magna2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
High | ||||||||
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0.0057 | P3 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators Unknown species3 = Unverified data of known source |
High | ||||||||
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General |
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High (class III) | - | - | ||||||||
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> 132 | G4 G = Extension Toxicology network database EXTOXNET. Available online but no longer updated. (click here ) Rat4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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5000 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Rabbit3 = Unverified data of known source |
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0.019 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Intravenous LD₅₀ = 0.20 mg kg⁻¹ | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Subcutaneous LD₅₀ = 20.0 mg kg⁻¹ | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Rabbit3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Around 20% of the administered dose is rapidly eliminated within 24 hrs in urine | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Health issues |
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Moderately toxic |
Handling issues |
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IMDG Transport Hazard Classr 6.1 | |||
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Health: H301, H315, H319, H335 Environment: H400, H410 |
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II (Moderately hazardous) | |||
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UN2811 | |||
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Packaging Group III (minor danger) | |||
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rotenone | ||
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rotenone | ||
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Rotenon | ||
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rotenon | ||
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rotenone | ||
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rotenona | ||
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rotenon | ||
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rotenon | ||
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rotenon | ||
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Record last updated: | 23/10/2024 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |