Bronopol |
Last updated: 24/10/2024 |
(Also known as: bronocot; bronidiol) |
SUMMARY |
Bronopol is a fungicide and bactericide used mainly for non-food/feed purposes. It is highly soluble in water and is not considered volatile. It is moderately toxic to most fauna and flora. It is also moderately toxic if ingested and is a recognised irritant. |
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A bactericide with applications in fish medicine. | |
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Current | |
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1971 reported; 1984 first registered USA | |
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Used as a bath treatment for the control of fungal infections in farmed salmonid eggs | |
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Salmonid eggs; Fish |
Approval status |
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Approved | |
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Approved |
Chemical structure |
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None | |
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C₃H₆BrNO₄ | |
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C(C(CO)([N+](=O)[O-])Br)O | |
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No data | |
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LVDKZNITIUWNER-UHFFFAOYSA | |
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InChI=1S/C3H6BrNO4/c4-3(1-6,2-7)5(8)9/h6-7H,1-2H2 | |
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Yes |
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Common Name | Relationship | Link |
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bronopol | - |
General status |
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Fungicide, Antimicrobial | |
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Preservative, Biocide, Disinfectant, Algicide | |
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Unclassified pesticide | |
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Synthetic | |
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Inhibition of dehydrogenase activity causes membrane damage | |
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[Thiol groups, Oxidiser] | |
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52-51-7 | |
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200-143-0 | |
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None allocated | |
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216400 | |
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2450 | |
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603-085-00-8 | |
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Dermatologicals: Antifungals for dermatological use | |
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QD01AE91 | |
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No | |
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Allowed substance (Table 1: Fin fish) | |
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200.0 | |
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2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol | |
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2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol | |
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2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol | |
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Listed on USA Toxic Release Inventory; PAN Bad Actor Chemical | |
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Colourless to pale yellow/brown solid |
Formulations |
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Pyceze 50 mg/ml Solution Concentrate for Fish Treatment | CZ Veterinaria S.A. | GB National authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | ||||||
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For fish treatment products tend to be fomulated as concentrated solutions for dilution prior to treatment |
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250000 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
High | ||||||||
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500000 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Ethanol3 = Unverified data of known source |
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250000 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Isopropanol3 = Unverified data of known source |
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10000 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Glycerol3 = Unverified data of known source |
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130 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Decomposes before boiling | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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1.51 X 1000 | Calculated | - | |||||||
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0.18 | P3 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low | ||||||||
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1.68 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low volatility. If applied directly to plants or soil, drift is a concern & mitigation is advisable | ||||||||
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1.16 X 10-06 | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Non-volatile | ||||||||
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Degradation |
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. | ||||||||||
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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- | V1 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) 1 = Estimated data with little or no verification |
Very mobile | |||||||
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5.0 | ||||||||||
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Estimated | ||||||||||
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Fate indices |
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0.28 | Q2 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources Estimated2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
Low potential | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Not available | - |
Known soil metabolites |
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Known groundwater metabolites |
None
Other known metabolites |
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2-hydroxy-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol (tris) | - | - | - | ||||
2-hydroxymethyl-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol(tris) | - | Water (Hydrolysis) | - | ||||
2-bromo-2-nitroethanol | - | - | - |
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Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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254 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Rat4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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- | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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1000 | - | |||||||||
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> 510 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Anas platyrhynchos3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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Aquatic ecotoxicology |
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> 20 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Oncorhynchus mykiss3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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1.94 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Oncorhynchus mykiss 49 day3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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> 1.4 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Daphnia magna3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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> 5.9 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Americamysis bahia3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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General |
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High (class III) | - | - | ||||||||
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254 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Rat4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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1600 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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5.0 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Intraperitoneal LD₅₀ = 26.0 mg kg⁻¹ | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Intravenous LD₅₀ = 37.4 mg kg⁻¹ | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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0.02 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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Metabolism studies indicate that bronopol is primarily excreted in the urine. | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) 4 = Verified data |
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Health issues |
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May cause contact dermatitis May cause stomach lesions |
Handling issues |
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Prevent release of dust Not expected to auto-ignite; Not highly flammable |
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Health: H302, H312, H315, H318, H335 Environment: H400 |
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II (Moderately hazardous) | |||
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bronopol | ||
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bronopol | ||
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Bronopol | ||
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bronopol | ||
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bronopolum | ||
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bronopol | ||
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bronopol | ||
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bronoplu | ||
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bronopol | ||
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bronopol | ||
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bronopol | ||
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Record last updated: | 24/10/2024 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |