Gentamicin |
Last updated: 15/05/2024
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(Also known as: gentacycol; gentamycinum; gentamycin; crop antibiotic) |
The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.
Environmental fate |
Ecotoxicity |
Human health |
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A veterinary aminoglycoside antibiotic drug used to treat a range of gram-negative bacterial infections usually as the sulphate salt. Gentamicin is composed of a number of related components which have varying degrees of antimicrobial potency. |
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Used to treat bacterial infections of the bloodstream, respiratory tract, skin, sinuses, ear canal and bladder |
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Cats; Dogs; Horses; Pigs; Poultry |
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1963, discovered & isolated from Micromonospora purpurea |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414) |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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No |
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ATAustria |
BEBelgium |
BGBulgaria |
CYCyprus |
CZCzech Republic |
DEGermany |
DKDenmark |
EEEstonia |
ELGreece |
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ESSpain |
FIFinland |
FRFrance |
HRCroatia |
HUHungary |
IEIreland |
ITItaly |
LTLithuania |
LULuxembourg |
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LVLatvia |
MTMalta |
NLNetherlands |
PLPoland |
PTPortugal |
RORomania |
SESweden |
SISlovenia |
SKSlovakia |
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ISIceland |
NONorway |
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Central and South America |
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C₂₁H₄₃N₅O₇ |
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CC(C1CCC(C(O1)OC2C(CC(C(C2O)OC3C(C(C(CO3)(C)O)NC)O)N)N)N)NC |
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CEAZRRDELHUEMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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InChI=1S/C21H43N5O7/c1-9(25-3)13-6-5-10(22)19(31-13)32-16-11(23)7-12(24)17(14(16)27)33-20-15(28)18(26-4)21(2,29)8-30-20/h9-20,25-29H,5-8,22-24H2,1-4H3 |
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Yes |
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Veterinary substance, Crop antibiotic |
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Aminoglycoside substance; Micro-organism derived susbstance |
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Semi-synthetic |
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Broad spectrum, inhibits protein synthesis, |
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An antibiotics derived from actinomycetes |
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Produced by fermentation of Micromonospora purpurea or M. echinospora and their variants |
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Crop protection |
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Bacterial diseases such as canker, blight, wilts and soft rots |
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Top fuit such as apples and pears; Ornamentals; Brassicas; Tomatos |
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1403-66-3 |
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215-765-8 |
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477.60 |
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(3R,4R,5R)-2-{[(1S,2S,3R,4S,6R)-4,6-diamino-3-{[(2R,3R,6S)-3-amino-6-[(1R)-1-(methylamino)ethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy}-2-hydroxycyclohexyl]oxy}-5-methyl-4-(methylamino)oxane-3,5-diol |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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White to beige coloured, amorphous powder |
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Usually supplied in either tablet form or as a cream or gel for topical application |
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105 |
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1.32 X 10-02 |
Calculated |
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-1.88 |
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Low |
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. |
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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None
Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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> 6600 |
Rat |
Low |
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> 25.4 |
Apis mellifera |
Moderate |
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2500 |
Oreochromus niloticus NOEC |
Low |
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HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION |
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High (class III) |
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> 6600 |
Rat |
Low |
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Intravenous LD₅₀ = 96 mg kg⁻¹ |
Rat |
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Intraperitoneal LD₅₀ = 735 mg kg⁻¹ |
Rat |
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No metabolism and excreted unchanged in the urine. Can cross the placenta. |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Carcinogen |
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Endocrine disruptor |
No data found |
A0 A = Chromosome aberration (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; B0 B = DNA damage/repair (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; C0 C = Gene mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; D0 D = Genome mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; E0 E = Unspecified genotoxicity type (miscellaneous data source) 0 = No data |
No data found |
Reproduction / development effects |
Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor |
Neurotoxicant |
✓Yes, known to cause a problem |
No data found |
No data found |
Respiratory tract irritant |
Skin irritant |
Skin sensitiser |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
No data found |
Eye irritant |
Phototoxicant |
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XNo, known not to cause a problem |
No data found |
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May cause anorexia, confusion, depression, disorientation and visual hallucinations May damage hearing Kidney toxicant |
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When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and fumes |
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Not listed (Not listed) |
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gentamicin |
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gentamicine |
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Gentamycin |
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gentamicina |
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Record last updated: |
15/05/2024 |
Contact: |
aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: |
Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |