Isobutyric acid |
Last updated: 28/08/2024
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(Also known as: short chain fatty acid; isobutyrate; fafty acid) |
The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.
Environmental fate |
Ecotoxicity |
Human health |
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A short-chain fatty acid used, within agriculture, mainly as a grain and hay preservative |
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Various fungal pathogens |
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Cereal grains; Hay |
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Current |
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Not approved |
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Not applicable |
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No UK approval for use |
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414) |
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Not approved |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Yes |
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ATAustria |
BEBelgium |
BGBulgaria |
CYCyprus |
CZCzech Republic |
DEGermany |
DKDenmark |
EEEstonia |
ELGreece |
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ESSpain |
FIFinland |
FRFrance |
HRCroatia |
HUHungary |
IEIreland |
ITItaly |
LTLithuania |
LULuxembourg |
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LVLatvia |
MTMalta |
NLNetherlands |
PLPoland |
PTPortugal |
RORomania |
SESweden |
SISlovenia |
SKSlovakia |
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ISIceland |
NONorway |
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Isomer of n-butyric acid |
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C₄H₈O₂ |
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CC(C)C(=O)O |
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No data |
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KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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InChI=1S/C4H8O2/c1-3(2)4(5)6/h3H,1-2H3,(H,5,6) |
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Yes |
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Fungicide, Other substance |
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Preservative, Pesticide chemical intermediate |
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Carboxylic acid fungicide; Plant-derived substance |
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- |
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Natural |
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Isobutyric acid occurs naturally in carobs (Ceratonia siliqua ), in vanilla and in the root of Arnica dulcis and as an ethyl ester in croton oil |
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Mainly produced commercially by the oxidation of isobutyraldehyde, which is a byproduct of the hydroformylation of propylene |
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Crop protection |
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Various fungal pathogens |
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Cereal grains; Hay |
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- |
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79-31-2 |
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201-195-7 |
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None allocated |
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101502 |
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6590 |
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607-063-00-9 |
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88.11 |
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- |
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2-methylpropanoic acid |
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2-methylpropanoic acid |
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Also used as a synthetic food flavouring - FEMA GRAS |
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- |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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- |
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Colourless liquid with unpleasant sweet odour |
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-47 |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source freezing point |
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155 |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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56 |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source (closed cup) |
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1.26 X 1001 |
Calculated |
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1.1 |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low |
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970 |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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4.86 |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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2.0 X 1005 |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Highly volatile. If applied directly to plants or soil, drift is a concern & mitigation is advisable |
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. |
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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None
Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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2230 |
Rat |
Low |
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270 |
Daphnia magna |
Low |
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HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION |
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Low (class I) |
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2230 |
Rat |
Low |
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474 |
P4 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators 4 = Verified data Rabbit |
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Carcinogen |
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Endocrine disruptor |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
A0 A = Chromosome aberration (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; B0 B = DNA damage/repair (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; C0 C = Gene mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; D0 D = Genome mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; E3 E = Unspecified genotoxicity type (miscellaneous data source) 3 = Negative |
No data found |
Reproduction / development effects |
Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor |
Neurotoxicant |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
No data found |
Respiratory tract irritant |
Skin irritant |
Skin sensitiser |
✓Yes, known to cause a problem |
✓Yes, known to cause a problem |
No data found |
Eye irritant |
Phototoxicant |
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✓Yes, known to cause a problem |
No data found |
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May cause serious eye damage May cause serious burns |
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Flammable liquid Corrosive Not explosive Strong oxidising agent Will emit toxic and irritating fumes in a fire IMDG Transport Hazard Class 3 |
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Handling: 226 Health: H302, H311, H314 |
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Not listed (Not listed) |
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UN2529 |
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Packaging Group III (minor danger) |
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isobutyric acid |
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Record last updated: |
28/08/2024 |
Contact: |
aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: |
Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |