Dicoumarol |

Last updated: 24/08/2025
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(Also known as: melitoxin; dicumarol; bishydroxycoumarin) |
The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement. These hazard alerts do not take account of usage patterns or exposure, thus do not represent risk.
Environmental fate |
Ecotoxicity |
Human health |
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A natuirally occurring anticoagulant rodenticide similar to warfarin now considered obsolete |
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Rodent damage |
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Rats; Mice |
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- |
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- |
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Not approved |
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Not applicable |
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No UK approval for use as a plant protection agent |
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414) |
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Not approved |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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No |
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ATAustria |
BEBelgium |
BGBulgaria |
CYCyprus |
CZCzech Republic |
DEGermany |
DKDenmark |
EEEstonia |
ELGreece |
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ESSpain |
FIFinland |
FRFrance |
HRCroatia |
HUHungary |
IEIreland |
ITItaly |
LTLithuania |
LULuxembourg |
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LVLatvia |
MTMalta |
NLNetherlands |
PLPoland |
PTPortugal |
RORomania |
SESweden |
SISlovenia |
SKSlovakia |
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ISIceland |
NONorway |
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None |
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C₁₉H₁₂O₆ |
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C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=C(C(=O)O2)CC3=C(C4=CC=CC=C4OC3=O)O)O |
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- |
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DOBMPNYZJYQDGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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InChI=1S/C19H12O6/c20-16-10-5-1-3-7-14(10)24-18(22)12(16)9-13-17(21)11-6-2-4-8-15(11)25-19(13)23/h1-8,20-21H,9H2 |
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Yes |
Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre diagrams |
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Common Name |
Relationship |
Link |
dicoumarol |
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Rodenticide |
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Coumarin rodenticide; Plant-derived substance; Micro-organism derived substance |
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Natural |
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An anticoagulant chemical that is a competitive inhibitor of vitamin K epoxide reductase |
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Has a combined plant and fungal origin that is a derivative of coumarin, discovered from the spoilage of sweet clover (Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall) |
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Pest control |
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Rodents |
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Rodents |
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- |
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66-76-2 |
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200-632-9 |
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253 |
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- |
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54676038 |
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607-060-00-2 |
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336.3 |
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3,3′-methylenebis(4-hydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one) |
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3,3′-methylenebis(4-hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-one) |
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3,3′-methylenebis[4-hydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one] |
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- |
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- |
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- |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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- |
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Off-white crystalline powder with slight sweet odour |
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Considered obsolete but may be available in some countries |
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1940, first identified |
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Dicoumarol is commercially produced by synthesising dicoumarol through microbial fermentation or chemical oxidation of coumarin-rich substrates, such as spoiled sweet clover or synthetic coumarin derivatives. In industrial settings, moulds like Penicillium or Aspergillus are cultivated under controlled conditions to convert coumarin into dicoumarol via hydroxylation and dimerisation. Once the compound is formed, it’s extracted using organic solvents and purified through crystallisation or chromatography. |
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128 |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate |
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Insoluble |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source Acetone |
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Insoluble |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source Ether |
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290 |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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1.17 X 1002 |
Calculated |
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2.07 |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low |
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. |
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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None
Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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233 |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source Mouse |
Moderate |
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HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION |
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High (class III) |
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233 |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source Mouse |
Moderate |
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Excreted in urine and faeces following hepatic metabolism |
Q4 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 4 = Verified data |
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Carcinogen |
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Endocrine disruptor |
No data found |
A0 A = Chromosome aberration (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; B0 B = DNA damage/repair (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; C0 C = Gene mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; D0 D = Genome mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; E0 E = Unspecified genotoxicity type (miscellaneous data source) 0 = No data |
No data found |
Reproduction / development effects |
Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor |
Neurotoxicant |
?Possibly, status not identified |
No data found |
No data found |
Respiratory tract irritant |
Skin irritant |
Skin sensitiser |
No data found |
?Possibly, status not identified |
?Possibly, status not identified |
Eye irritant |
Phototoxicant |
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?Possibly, status not identified |
No data found |
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Highly toxic via the oral route May cause gastrointestinal tract discomfort resulting in nausea and vomiting |
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When heated to decomposition will emit acrid smoke and fumes IMDG Transport Hazard Class 6.1 |
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Not listed (Not listed) |
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UN2811 |
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Packaging Group III (minor danger) |
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dicoumarol |
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dicoumarol |
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Record last updated: |
24/08/2025 |
Contact: |
aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: |
Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |