Levofloxacin |
Last updated: 19/05/2024 |
(Also known as: efloxacin; (S)-(-)-ofloxacin ; levofloxacin; L-ofloxacin) |
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A broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic active against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial infections | |
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1987, first patented USA | |
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Used to treat bacterial infections especially those of the urinary tract. It has also been used to successfully teat ovarian inflammation, dysentery, pericarditis and enteritis | |
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Poultry; Dogs; Cats; Pigs |
Approval status |
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Not approved | |
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Not approved |
Chemical structure |
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Isomeric | |
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C₁₈H₂₀FN₃O₄ | |
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CC1COC2=C3N1C=C(C(=O)C3=CC(=C2N4CCN(CC4)C)F)C(=O)O | |
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C[C@H]1COC2=C3N1C=C(C(=O)C3=CC(=C2N4CCN(CC4)C)F)C(=O)O | |
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GSDSWSVVBLHKDQ-JTQLQIEISA-N | |
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InChI=1S/C18H20FN3O4/c1-10-9-26-17-14-11(16(23)12(18(24)25)8-22(10)14)7-13(19)15(17)21-5-3-20(2)4-6-21/h7-8,10H,3-6,9H2,1-2H3,(H,24,25)/t10-/m0/s1 | |
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Yes |
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Common Name | Relationship | Link |
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levofloxacin | - |
General status |
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Antibiotic, Bactericide, Antimicrobial, Medicinal drug | |
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Fluoroquinolone | |
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Synthetic | |
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Inhibits DNA gyrase | |
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[DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A, Antagonist], [DNA gyrase subunit A, Antagonist], [DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha, Antagonist] | |
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100986-85-4 | |
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Antiinfectants for systemic use: Antibacterials for systemic use | |
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QJ01MA12 | |
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No | |
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361.37 | |
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(S)-7-fluoro-6-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl) -10-oxo-4-thia-1-azatricyclo[7.3.1.05,13] trideca-5(13),6,8,11-tetraene-11-carboxylic acid | |
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(S)-9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl) -7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij] quinoline-6-carboxylic acid | |
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Solid | |
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Formulations |
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225 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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1.26 X 1002 | Calculated | - | |||||||
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2.1 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) 4 = Verified data |
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Degradation |
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. | ||||||||||
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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Fate indices |
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Known metabolites |
None
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Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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1478 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Aquatic ecotoxicology |
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> 100 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Oryzias latipes4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
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0.34 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Daphnia magna4 = Verified data |
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0.063 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Daphnia magna4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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> 2.0 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Ceriodaphnia dubia LC₅₀4 = Verified data |
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1.2 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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General |
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High (class III) | - | - | ||||||||
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1478 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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65 - 80% of administered oral dose is excreted unchanged via the kidneys within 48 hours of dosing, <8% is excreted in the faeces. These is also a small amount of bilary excretion. | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) 4 = Verified data |
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Health issues |
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May cause tendon deterioration May cause serious psychiatric side effects May cause sunlight sensitivity |
Handling issues |
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No information available | |||
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Not listed (Not listed) | |||
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levofloxacin | ||
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levofloxacine | ||
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levofloxacino | ||
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Record last updated: | 19/05/2024 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |