Procaine hydrochoride |
Last updated: 24/07/2024 |
(Also known as: novacaine; procaine HCl; aminocaine; chlorocaine) |
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The hydrochloride salt form of procaine, a benzoic acid derivative with local anesthetic and antiarrhythmic properties | |
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Current | |
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1905, first synthesised | |
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Used as a local anaesthetic for minor surgical procedures on a variety of animals | |
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Cattle; Sheep; Goats, Horses; Pigs; Dogs; Cats |
Approval status |
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Approved | |
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Approved |
Chemical structure |
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C₁₃H₃₀N₂O₂Cl | |
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CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)N.Cl | |
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HCBIBCJNVBAKAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |
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InChI=1S/C13H20N2O2.ClH/c1-3-15(4-2)9-10-17-13(16)11-5-7-12(14)8-6-11;/h5-8H,3-4,9-10,14H2,1-2H3;1H | |
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Yes |
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Common Name | Relationship | Link |
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Procaine | - |
General status |
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Anesthetic, Medicinal drug | |
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Aminobenzoate | |
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99% | |
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Synthetic | |
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Sodium channel modulator. | |
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[Sodium channel protein type 10 subunit alpha, Antagonist], [Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit 3A, Antagonist], [5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor, Antagonist], [Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter, Antagonist], [Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-2, Antagonist] | |
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51-05-8 | |
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200-077-2 | |
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Nervous system: Anaesthetic | |
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QN01BA52 | |
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No | |
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Allowed susbstance (Table 1: All food producing species) | |
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272.77 | |
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- | |
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2-(diethylamino)ethyl 4-aminobenzoate hydrochloride | |
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2-(diethylamino) ethyl p-aminobenzoate monohydrochloride | |
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White, hygroscopic crystalline powder | |
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Formulations |
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Adrenacaine Solution for Injection for Cattle | Norbook Laboratories Ltd | GB National authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by suitably qualified person (POM-VPS) | ||||||
Procamidor Duo Solution for Injection | VetViva Richter GmbH | GB National authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | |||||||
Willcain Solution | Alfasan Nederland B.V. | UK National authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | |||||||
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Usually formulated as a solution for injection |
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68100 | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
High | ||||||||
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155 | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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195 | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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195 | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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1.45 X 10-01 | Calculated | - | |||||||
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-0.84 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low | ||||||||
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8.05 | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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1.03 X 10-04 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low volatility | ||||||||
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Max @ 221nm & 290nm for acid | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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1.5611 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Degradation |
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. | ||||||||||
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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Fate indices |
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Known soil and groundwater metabolites |
None
Other known metabolites |
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para-aminobenzoic acid Note: More toxic than parent |
PABA | Human (Plasma, hydrolysis) | - | ||||
diethylaminoethanol Note: More toxic than parent |
- | Human (Plasma, hydrolysis) | - |
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Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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200 | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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Aquatic ecotoxicology |
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10 | R3 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Ptychocheilus spp. 24 hr3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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General |
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High (class III) | - | - | ||||||||
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200 | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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Subcutaneous LD₅₀ = 597 mg kg⁻¹ | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Intravenous LD₅₀ = 38 mg kg⁻¹ | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Majority is metabolised and the metabolised are rapidly (in minutes) excreted mostly in the urine | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Health issues |
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May cause cardiac and vasodilation effects May cause serious allergic reactions Harmful if swallowed |
Handling issues |
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When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of nitroxides IMDG Transport Hazard Class 6.1 Hygroscopic in air |
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Not listed (Not listed) | |||
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UN2811 | |||
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Packaging Group III (minor danger) | |||
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procaine hydrochoride | ||
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Record last updated: | 24/07/2024 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |