Pyrimethamine |
Last updated: 19/05/2024 |
(Also known as: daraprim; ethylpyrimidine) |
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A systemic antiprotozoal medication used to treat parasitic infections | |
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Used to treat Hepatozoon americanum infections as well as toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii) | |
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Dogs; Cats; Horses; Sheep; Birds |
Approval status |
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Not approved | |
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Not approved |
Chemical structure |
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C₁₂H₁₃ClN₄ | |
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CCC1=C(C(=NC(=N1)N)N)C2=CC=C(C=C2)Cl | |
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No data | |
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WKSAUQYGYAYLPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |
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InChI=1S/C12H13ClN4/c1-2-9-10(11(14)17-12(15)16-9)7-3-5-8(13)6-4-7/h3-6H,2H2,1H3,(H4,14,15,16,17) | |
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Yes |
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Common Name | Relationship | Link |
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pyrimethamine | - |
General status |
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Antiparasitic, Antiprotozoic, Medicinal drug | |
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Unclassified substance | |
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Synthetic | |
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Interferes with tetrahydrofolic acid synthesis from folic acid by inhibiting the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) | |
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[Dihydrofolate reductase, Inhibitor], [Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase, inhibitor] | |
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58-14-0 | |
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200-364-2 | |
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None allocated | |
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No | |
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248.71 | |
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5-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-ethyl- 2,4-pyrimidinediamine | |
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2,4-diamino-5-p-chlorophenyl-6-ethylpyrimidine | |
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Evidence of use in third world countries | |
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White solid | |
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Formulations |
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100 | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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233 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) 4 = Verified data |
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4.90 X 1002 | Calculated | - | |||||||
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2.69 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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7.34 | R3 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Weak base | |||||||||||
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8.29 X 10-03 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low volatility | ||||||||
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Degradation |
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. | ||||||||||
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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Fate indices |
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Low risk | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources Based on LogP < 33 = Unverified data of known source |
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Known metabolites |
None
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Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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440 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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Aquatic ecotoxicology |
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5.06 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Selenastrum capricornutum4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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0.752 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Selenastrum capricornutum4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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General |
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High (class III) | - | - | ||||||||
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440 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Intraperitoneal LD₅₀ = 70 mg kg⁻¹ | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Subcutaneous LDLo = 160 mg kg⁻¹ | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Principally lost via the urine as metabolites | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Health issues |
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May cause hypersensitivity, megaloblastic anemia & thrombocytopenia May cause gastrointestinal problems |
Handling issues |
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IMDG Transport Hazard Class 6.1 | |||
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Not listed (Not listed) | |||
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UN3249 | |||
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Packaging Group III (minor danger) | |||
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pyrimethamine | ||
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pirimetamina | ||
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Record last updated: | 19/05/2024 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |