Oxytetracycline hydrochloride |
Last updated: 30/05/2024 |
(Also known as: terramycin; oxytracyl; oxytetrin; terramitsin; oxitetracycline; crop antibiotic) |
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A highly active broad spectrum antibiotic used to control infection animals diseses and bacterial pathogens | |
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Current | |
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- | |
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Used to control gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases as well as some skin conditions including Rickettsial infections, Lupus | |
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Calves; Non-lactating dairy cattle; Beef; Pigs; Fish; Poultry; Cats; Dogs |
Approval status |
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Approved | |
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Approved |
Chemical structure |
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A complex molecule with 6 chiral centres | |
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C₂₂H₂₅ClN₂O₉ | |
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CC1(C2C(C3C(C(=O)C(=C(C3(C(=O)C2=C(C4=C1C=CC=C4O)O)O)O)C(=O)N)N(C)C)O)O.Cl | |
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C[C@@]1([C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H]3[C@@H](C(=O)C(=C([C@]3(C(=O)C2=C(C4=C1C=CC=C4O)O)O)O)C(=O)N)N(C)C)O)O.Cl | |
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SVDOODSCHVSYEK-IFLJXUKPSA-N | |
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Yes |
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Common Name | Relationship | Link |
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oxytratracycline | Parent |
General status |
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Bactericide, Antimicrobial, Antiseptic, Medicated feed additive | |
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Antimicrobial, Bactericide, Crop antibiotic | |
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Micro-organism derived substance | |
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Natural | |
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Broad spectrum, protein synthesis inhibitor and binds to the 30S and 50S bacterial ribosomal subunits | |
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[30S ribosomal protein S9, Antagonist], [30S ribosomal protein S4, Antagonist], [16S rRNA, Antagonist] | |
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2-58-46-0 | |
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218-161-2 | |
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Dermatologicals: Antibiotics and chemotherapeutics for dermatological use; Antiinfectants for systemic use: Antibacterials for systemic use | |
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QD06AA03 for topical use; QJ01AA06 for systemic use; Others available | |
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No | |
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Allowed substance (Table 1: All food producing species) | |
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496.90 | |
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(4S,4aR,5S,5aR,6S,12aR)-4-(dimethylamino)-1,5,6,10,11,12a-hexahydroxy-6-methyl-3,12-dioxo-4,4a,5,5a-tetrahydrotetracene-2-carboxamide;hydrochloride | |
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(4S,4aR,5S,5aR,6S,12aR)-4-(dimethylamino)-1,5,6,10,11,12a-hexahydroxy-6-methyl-3,12-dioxo-4,4a,5,5a-tetrahydrotetracene-2-carboxamide;hydrochloride | |
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- | |
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Possible groundwater contaminant | |
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- | |
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Yellow crystalline powder | |
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Formulations |
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Alamycin LA Injection | Norbrook Laboratories Ltd | UK National authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | ||||||
Engemycin Cutaneous spray | MSD Animal Health Ltd | UK National authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | |||||||
Alamycin Aerosol 3.58% w/w Cutaneous Spray, Solution | Norbrook Laboratories Limited | UK National authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | |||||||
Oxycare Solution for Injection | Norbrook Laboratories Limited | UK National authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | |||||||
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Currently available formulations include solutions for injection, cutaneous sprays, powders for adding to drinking water and medicated premix feeds |
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6900 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
High | ||||||||
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121 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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6.03 X 10-02 | Calculated | - | |||||||
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-1.22 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
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1.63 | Q2 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
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4.5 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
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Weak acid | |||||||||||
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1.29 X 10-19 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) at 25 °C3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low volatility | ||||||||
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1.72 X 10-20 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) at 25 °C3 = Unverified data of known source |
Non-volatile | ||||||||
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Substance may enter the environment via the urine of treated animals. Monitoring studies have identified this substance in livestock liquid manures |
Degradation |
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18 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
Non-persistent | |||||||
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21 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Non-persistent | ||||||||
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Literature estimates give DT₅₀ 1 to 10 wks | ||||||||||
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43.8 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Aerobic sediment slurry; Other data DT₅₀ (1) 79 days slurry; (2) 12,0-15.4 day slurry4 = Verified data |
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9 | R3 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderately fast | ||||||||
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. | ||||||||||
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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698 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
Non-mobile | |||||||
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52875 | ||||||||||
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Literature data: Kd range 417-1626 mL g⁻¹, Koc range 27792-93317 mL g⁻¹, soils=4; Other Literature data 27792-93317 generally quoted for tetracyclines (R4) | ||||||||||
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Fate indices |
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-0.96 | Calculated | Low leachability | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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0.6 | J2 J = Pesticide Action Network database (click here ) Mollusca2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
Low potential | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Not available | - |
Known metabolites |
None
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Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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> 4800 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low | ||||||||
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> 5620 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Anas platyrhynchos4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
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1954 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
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100 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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Aquatic ecotoxicology |
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116 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Oncorhynchus mykiss4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
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102 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Daphnia magna4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
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46.2 | R3 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Daphnia magna3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low | ||||||||
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0.342 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Selenastrum capricornutum4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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0.183 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Selenastrum capricornutum4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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General |
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High (class III) | - | - | ||||||||
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> 4800 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low | ||||||||
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5700 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Mouse3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Intraperitoneal LD₅₀ = 260 mg kg⁻¹ | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Mouse3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Intravenous LD₅₀ = 260 mg kg⁻¹ | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Systemically available oxytetracycline was primarily excreted in the urine and bile | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Health issues |
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May cause hypersensitivity reactions May cause tooth discoloration |
Handling issues |
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No information available | |||
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Not listed (Not listed) | |||
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oxytetracycline hydrochloride | ||
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oxytetracycline | ||
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Oxytetracyclin | ||
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oxytetracyclin | ||
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oxytetracicline | ||
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oxitetraciclina | ||
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oksytetracyklina | ||
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Record last updated: | 30/05/2024 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |