Phoxim (Ref: OMS 1170) |
Last updated: 22/08/2024 |
(Also known as: phoxime; BAY 5621) |
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An obsolete organophosphate insecticide used to control external animal parasites | |
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1970, introduced | |
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Used topically to control mites, lice and other ectoparasites | |
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Cattle; Sheep; Goats; Pigs |
Approval status |
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Not approved | |
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Not approved |
Chemical structure |
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Isomeric | |
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C₁₂H₁₅N₂O₃PS | |
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CCOP(=S)(OCC)ON=C(C#N)C1=CC=CC=C1 | |
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CCOP(=S)(OCC)O/N=C(\C#N)/C1=CC=CC=C1 | |
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ATROHALUCMTWTB-WYMLVPIESA-N | |
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InChI=1S/C12H15N2O3PS/c1-3-15-18(19,16-4-2)17-14-12(10-13)11-8-6-5-7-9-11/h5-9H,3-4H2,1-2H3/b14-12+ | |
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Yes |
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Common Name | Relationship | Link |
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chlorphoxim | Variant |
General status |
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Ectoparasitic agent | |
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Disinfectant | |
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Organophosphate insecticide; Organophosphate acaricide; Organothiophosphate insecticide; Organothiophosphate acaricide | |
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Synthetic | |
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Non-systemic with contact and stomach action. Short activity period. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. | |
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[Cholinesterase, Inhibitor] | |
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14816-18-3 | |
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238-887-3 | |
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364 | |
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598800 | |
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9570290 | |
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015-100-00-X | |
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Antiparasitic products, insecticides & repellents: Organophosphorus compounds | |
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QP53AF01 | |
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No | |
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- | |
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298.3 | |
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- | |
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O,O-diethyl α-cyanobenzylideneaminooxyphosphonothioate | |
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4-ethoxy-7-phenyl-3,5-dioxa-6-aza-4-phosphaoct-6-ene-8-nitrile 4-sulphide | |
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OSPAR soc | |
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Yellow liquid |
Formulations |
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1.5 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low | ||||||||
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250000 | L2 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Xylene2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
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250000 | L2 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Dichloromethane2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
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250000 | L2 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Acetone2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
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136000 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources n-Heptane3 = Unverified data of known source |
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5 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Decomposes on distillation | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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2.40 X 1003 | Calculated | - | |||||||
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3.38 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
High | ||||||||
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Soluble | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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Regulatory data - observed in metabolism and farm animal feeding studies | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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1.18 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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2.1 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low volatility. If applied directly to plants or soil, drift is a concern & mitigation is advisable | ||||||||
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4.18 X 10-01 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderately volatile | ||||||||
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Degradation |
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6 | W4 W = French database provided by ARVALIS-Institut du Végétal. Dataset no longer available. 4 = Verified data |
Non-persistent | |||||||
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Best available data | ||||||||||
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7.2 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Non-persistent | |||||||
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pH sensitive: DT₅₀ 26.7 days at pH 4, 3.1 days at pH 9, all at 22 °C | ||||||||||
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. | ||||||||||
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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33.33 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
Slightly mobile | |||||||
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1148 | ||||||||||
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1.03 | ||||||||||
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Kf range 27.0-44.0 (802 for peat) mL g⁻¹, Kfoc range 997-1243 (1333 for peat) mL g⁻¹, 1/n - no data, Soils=4 | ||||||||||
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Fate indices |
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0.73 | Calculated | Low leachability | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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1610 | R3 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Whole body3 = Unverified data of known source |
Threshold for concern | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Not available | - |
Known soil metabolites |
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Known groundwater metabolites |
None
Other known metabolites |
None
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Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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113 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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- | L2 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Rat 2 yr2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
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> 15 | - | |||||||||
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> 40.4 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Eisenia foetida4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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Aquatic ecotoxicology |
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> 0.22 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Lepomis macrochirus3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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> 0.414 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Danio rerio4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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0.00081 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Daphnia magna3 = Unverified data of known source |
High | ||||||||
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< 0.1 | P3 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators Anabaena variabilis 5 day3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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General |
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High (class III) | - | - | ||||||||
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113 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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5000 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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4.0 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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List I; List II | - | - | ||||||||
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Phosmet is rapidly absorbed, distributed, and eliminated in mammals with ~75% lost in urine | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Health issues |
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Harmful if swallowed |
Handling issues |
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Flammable | |||
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Health: H302, H317, H361f Environment: H400, H410 |
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II (Moderately hazardous) | |||
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phoxim | ||
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phoxime | ||
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Phoxim | ||
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phoxim | ||
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foxim | ||
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foxim | ||
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phoxim | ||
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foksim | ||
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foxim | ||
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foxim | ||
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Record last updated: | 22/08/2024 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |