Ryanodine |
Last updated: 22/08/2024
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(Also known as: ryania extract; bonide ryatox; ryanocide; ryania) |
The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.
Environmental fate |
Ecotoxicity |
Human health |
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Plant derived alkaloid that has insecticidal properties and used to control insect pests on fruit and some other crops |
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Codling moth; European corn borer; Citrus thrips |
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Maize; Top fruit; Citrus fruit |
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- |
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Considered obsolete but may be available in some countries |
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1940s discovered, 1968; first registered USA |
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- |
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Not approved |
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Not applicable |
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No UK approval for use |
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414) |
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Not approved |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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No |
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ATAustria |
BEBelgium |
BGBulgaria |
CYCyprus |
CZCzech Republic |
DEGermany |
DKDenmark |
EEEstonia |
ELGreece |
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ESSpain |
FIFinland |
FRFrance |
HRCroatia |
HUHungary |
IEIreland |
ITItaly |
LTLithuania |
LULuxembourg |
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LVLatvia |
MTMalta |
NLNetherlands |
PLPoland |
PTPortugal |
RORomania |
SESweden |
SISlovenia |
SKSlovakia |
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ISIceland |
NONorway |
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Ryanodine is a chiral molecule with three structural isomers |
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C₂₅H₃₅NO₉ |
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CC1CCC2(C3(CC4(C5(C(C(C3(C5(C2(C1O)O4)O)O)OC(=O)C6=CC=CN6)(C(C)C)O)C)O)C)O |
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C[C@H]1CC[C@@]2([C@@]3(C[C@]4([C@@]5([C@]([C@H]([C@@]3([C@]5([C@]2([C@@H]1O)O4)O)O)OC(=O)C6=CC=CN6)(C(C)C)O)C)O)C)O |
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JJSYXNQGLHBRRK-SFEDZAPPSA-N |
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InChI=1/C25H35NO9/c1-12(2)22(31)17(34-16(28)14-7-6-10-26-14)23(32)18(4)11-21(30)19(22,5)25(23,33)24(35-21)15(27)13(3)8-9-20(18,24)29/h6-7,10,12-13,15,17,26-27,29-33H,8-9,11H2,1-5H3/t13-,15+,17+,18-,19-,20-,21-,22+,23+,24+,25+/m0/s1 |
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Yes |
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Insecticide |
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Plant-derived substance |
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- |
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- |
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Natural |
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Thought to effect muscle movement by binding to the calcium channels in the sarcoplastic reticulum that eventually leads to death |
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An alkaloid orginially extracted from the stems of various Ryania species including Ryania speciosa which are found in tropical America |
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Extracted directly from ground plant stems |
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Crop protection |
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Codling moth; European corn borer; Citrus thrips |
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Maize; Top fruit; Citrus fruit |
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Suitable for use in all farming systems where approved for use in that country |
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15662-33-6 |
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8047-13-0; 1361-01-9; 1580-06-9; 25800-57-1; 15800-60-9; 94513-55-0 |
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239-732-2 |
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- |
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8047-13-0 |
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- |
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493.61 |
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- |
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1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid, (3S,4R,4aR,6S,7S,8R,8aS,8bR,9S,9aS)-dodecahydro-4,6,7,8a,8b,9a-hexahydroxy-3,6a,9-trimethyl-7-(1-methylethyl)-6,9-methanobenzo[1,2]pentaleno[1,6-bc]furan-8-yl ester |
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3-(1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate) ryanodol |
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1945 Patent No. 2,400,295 |
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- |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not known |
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Not applicable |
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- |
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White to off-white solid |
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Natur-Gro R50 |
AgriSystems international |
Ryan 50 |
Dunhill Chemicals |
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Usually supplied as a water dispersible powder and applied during insect attack |
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16000 |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
High |
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29000 |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source DMSO |
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219 |
L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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426 |
E3 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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5.62 X 1001 |
Calculated |
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1.75 |
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Low |
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. |
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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Known soil and groundwater metabolites |
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None
Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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> 1200 |
Rat |
Moderate |
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> 2250 |
E3 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets 3 = Unverified data of known source Colinus virginianus |
Low |
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3160 ppm |
Colinus virginianus NOEL |
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> 104 |
E3 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low |
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> 15.7 |
E4 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets 4 = Verified data Lepomis macrochirus |
Moderate |
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0.044 |
Daphnia magna |
High |
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HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION |
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High (class III) |
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> 1200 |
Rat |
Moderate |
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5000 |
E3 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets 3 = Unverified data of known source Rabbit |
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> 5.1 |
E3 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets 3 = Unverified data of known source Rat |
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Intraperitoneal LD₅₀ = 0.32 mg kg⁻¹ |
Rat |
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Intravenous LDLo = 0.02 mg kg⁻¹ |
Rabbit |
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Carcinogen |
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Endocrine disruptor |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
A0 A = Chromosome aberration (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; B0 B = DNA damage/repair (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; C0 C = Gene mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; D0 D = Genome mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; E3 E = Unspecified genotoxicity type (miscellaneous data source) 3 = Negative |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
Reproduction / development effects |
Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor |
Neurotoxicant |
No data found |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
?Possibly, status not identified |
Respiratory tract irritant |
Skin irritant |
Skin sensitiser |
✓Yes, known to cause a problem |
?Possibly, status not identified |
No data found |
Eye irritant |
Phototoxicant |
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?Possibly, status not identified |
No data found |
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May cause muscle weakness Possible lung, thorax and respiratory system toxicant May cause gastrointestinal problems |
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IMDG Transport Hazard Class 6.1 |
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Not classified: Obsolete (Not classified: Obsolete) |
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UN1544 |
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Packaging Group III (minor danger) |
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ryanodine |
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ryanodine |
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Ryanodin |
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rianodyna |
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rianodin |
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ryanodine |
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Record last updated: |
22/08/2024 |
Contact: |
aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: |
Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |