Trans-citral |
Last updated: 25/05/2024
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(Also known as: alpha-citral; geranial; geranaldehyde; (E)-citral; citral) |
The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.
Environmental fate |
Ecotoxicity |
Human health |
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Citral is a unsaturated aldehyde, commonly known for its lemon-like odour with a mild repellency activity for some insect species |
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Flying insects such as wasps and mosquitoes but not foraging bees or the green-veined white butterfly as cuitral may attract these species |
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Current |
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1948, first registered USA; 2011, re-registered as a biopesticide |
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Not approved |
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Not applicable |
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No UK approval for use |
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414) |
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Not approved |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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No |
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ATAustria |
BEBelgium |
BGBulgaria |
CYCyprus |
CZCzech Republic |
DEGermany |
DKDenmark |
EEEstonia |
ELGreece |
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ESSpain |
FIFinland |
FRFrance |
HRCroatia |
HUHungary |
IEIreland |
ITItaly |
LTLithuania |
LULuxembourg |
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LVLatvia |
MTMalta |
NLNetherlands |
PLPoland |
PTPortugal |
RORomania |
SESweden |
SISlovenia |
SKSlovakia |
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ISIceland |
NONorway |
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Citral is the common name for two geometric isomers with separate names; the E-isomer is named trans-citral whilst the Z-isomer is known as neral (cis-citral) |
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C₁₀H₁₆O |
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CC(=CCCC(=CC=O)C)C |
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CC(=CCC/C(=C/C=O)/C)C |
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WTEVQBCEXWBHNA-JXMROGBWSA-N |
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InChI=1S/C10H16O/c1-9(2)5-4-6-10(3)7-8-11/h5,7-8H,4,6H2,1-3H3/b10-7+ |
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Yes |
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Semiochemical, Insecticide, Other substance |
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Food additive |
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Plant-derived substance |
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Natural |
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Non-toxic, repellency via strong odour |
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Citral is present in the oils present in many different plant oils including, for example, peel of citrus fruits, lemon myrtle, Litsea citrata, Litsea cubeb and lemongrass |
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Isolated by fractional distillation or commercially synthesised using isobutene and methanal (both obtained from petrochemicals) as starting materials |
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Public health |
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Flying insects such as wasps and mosquitoes but not foraging bees or the green-veined white butterfly as cuitral may attract these species |
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Humans |
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Not normally used in agriculture |
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5392-40-5 |
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226-394-6 |
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040510 |
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638011 |
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152.23 |
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(2E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienal |
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(2E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienal |
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(2E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienal |
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FEMA=2303; May be approved for use under non-pesticide specific regulations. |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Pale yellow liquid with lemon-like odour |
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Usually formulated as ready-to-use sprays |
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100 |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate |
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-10 |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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229 |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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91 |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source closed cup |
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2.82 X 1003 |
Calculated |
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3.45 |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
High |
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0.893 |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Readily bioderadable |
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. |
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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None
Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION |
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Carcinogen |
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Endocrine disruptor |
No data found |
A0 A = Chromosome aberration (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; B0 B = DNA damage/repair (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; C0 C = Gene mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; D0 D = Genome mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; E0 E = Unspecified genotoxicity type (miscellaneous data source) 0 = No data |
No data found |
Reproduction / development effects |
Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor |
Neurotoxicant |
No data found |
No data found |
No data found |
Respiratory tract irritant |
Skin irritant |
Skin sensitiser |
?Possibly, status not identified |
✓Yes, known to cause a problem |
?Possibly, status not identified |
Eye irritant |
Phototoxicant |
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✓Yes, known to cause a problem |
No data found |
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Allergic reactions are quite common |
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When heated to decomposition it will emit acrid smoke and irritating fumes IMDG Transport hazard Class 6.1 |
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Health: H315, H317 |
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Not listed (Not listed) |
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UN2810 |
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trans-citral |
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Record last updated: |
25/05/2024 |
Contact: |
aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: |
Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |