Bergamot oil |
Last updated: 12/06/2024
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(Also known as: bergamot essential oil; begamot extract) |
The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.
Environmental fate |
Ecotoxicity |
Human health |
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Bergamot oil is extracted from the fruit from bergamot orange trees and may be used as a mild insect repellent |
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Mosquitos; Flies; Dogs; Cats |
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Domestic and public health situations |
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Residential properties; Public places |
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Current |
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Class: Magnoliopsida; Order: Sapindales; Family: Rutaceae |
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Not approved |
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Not applicable |
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No UK approval for use |
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414) |
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Not approved |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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No |
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ATAustria |
BEBelgium |
BGBulgaria |
CYCyprus |
CZCzech Republic |
DEGermany |
DKDenmark |
EEEstonia |
ELGreece |
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ESSpain |
FIFinland |
FRFrance |
HRCroatia |
HUHungary |
IEIreland |
ITItaly |
LTLithuania |
LULuxembourg |
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LVLatvia |
MTMalta |
NLNetherlands |
PLPoland |
PTPortugal |
RORomania |
SESweden |
SISlovenia |
SKSlovakia |
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ISIceland |
NONorway |
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Insecticide, Semiochemical |
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Plant-derived substance; Plant oil |
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Natural; Complex mixture |
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Non-toxic mode of action. Suffocates insects and smell acts as a repellent |
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The oil is extracted from the rinds of fruit from bergamot orange trees (Citrus bergamia and Citrus aurantium). The latter is a an interspecific hybrid and grown mainly in the Mediterranean (particularly Italy) and in southeast Asia. |
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Usually extracted using a cold pressing technique with the peel of unripe fruit. may also be produced using hydrodistillation. |
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Repellent |
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Mosquitos; Flies; Dogs; Cats |
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Residential properties; Public places |
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- |
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8007-75-8 |
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89957-91-5 |
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289-612-9 |
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bergamot oil |
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FEMA=2153 |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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An oily pale yellow liquid with a fruity citrus smell. It has a variable composition which includes a large number of volatile organic subbstances ibncluding pinene, limonene, terpinolene and neral |
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1767 |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source at 25°C |
High |
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215 |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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56 |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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0.876 |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Readily biodegradable |
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. |
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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None
Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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> 5000 |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source Rat |
Low |
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HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION |
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> 5000 |
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source Rat |
Low |
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Carcinogen |
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Endocrine disruptor |
No data found |
A0 A = Chromosome aberration (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; B0 B = DNA damage/repair (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; C0 C = Gene mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; D0 D = Genome mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; E0 E = Unspecified genotoxicity type (miscellaneous data source) 0 = No data |
No data found |
Reproduction / development effects |
Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor |
Neurotoxicant |
?Possibly, status not identified |
No data found |
?Possibly, status not identified |
Respiratory tract irritant |
Skin irritant |
Skin sensitiser |
No data found |
✓Yes, known to cause a problem |
?Possibly, status not identified |
Eye irritant |
Phototoxicant |
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✓Yes, known to cause a problem |
?Possibly, status not identified |
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May stimulates the central nervous system One of the constituents of bergamot, bergaptene is a skin sensitiser May cause dermatitis |
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Not explosive or oxidising Flammable - Keep away from heat, sparks, open flames and hot surfaces IMDG Transport hazard Class 3 When heated to decomposition it will emit acrid smoke and irritating fumes |
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Handling: H226 Health: H304, H315, H317, H319, H361 Environment: H400, H411, H412 |
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Not listed (Not listed) |
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UN1169 |
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Packaging group III (minor danger) |
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Stable when stored in a cool, dark place for approx. 2 years. |
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bergamot oil |
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Record last updated: |
12/06/2024 |
Contact: |
aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: |
Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |