Terpinen-4-ol |
Last updated: 24/05/2024
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(Also known as: Tea tree oil extract; Oil of Melaleuca; TTO; 4-carvomenthenol ; 4-terpinenol) |
The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.
Environmental fate |
Ecotoxicity |
Human health |
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A major component (30-48%) of Tea tree oil which is used to control various fungal pathogens on a wide range of crops |
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Various fungal pathogens including powdery mildew and early blight |
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Potatoes; Carrots: Tomatoes: Cucumbers: Fruit: Ornamentals |
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Current |
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1920s, Tea tree oil first reported |
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- |
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Not approved |
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Not applicable |
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No UK approval for use |
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414) |
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Approved (as Tea tree oil) |
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Poland/Bulgaria |
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31/08/2023 |
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No |
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Yes |
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ATAustria |
BEBelgium |
BGBulgaria |
CYCyprus |
CZCzech Republic |
DEGermany |
DKDenmark |
EEEstonia |
ELGreece |
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ESSpain |
FIFinland |
FRFrance |
HRCroatia |
HUHungary |
IEIreland |
ITItaly |
LTLithuania |
LULuxembourg |
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LVLatvia |
MTMalta |
NLNetherlands |
PLPoland |
PTPortugal |
RORomania |
SESweden |
SISlovenia |
SKSlovakia |
✓ |
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ISIceland |
NONorway |
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- |
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C₁₀H₁₈O |
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CC1=CCC(CC1)(C(C)C)O |
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No data |
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WRYLYDPHFGVWKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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InChI=1S/C10H18O/c1-8(2)10(11)6-4-9(3)5-7-10/h4,8,11H,5-7H2,1-3H3 |
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Yes |
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Fungicide, Other substance |
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Animal feed additive, Microbiocide |
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Plant-derived substance |
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300 g/Kg |
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- |
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Natural |
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Tea tree oil appears to disrupt the permeability barrier of microbial cell membrane structures, causing loss of chemiosmotic control. |
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Originates as a plant-derived natural remedy used by Australian indiginous people to treat various ailments |
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Tea tree oil is harvested by steam extraction from the leaves and branches of the plant Melaleuca alternifolia |
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Crop protection |
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Various fungal pathogens including powdery mildew and early blight |
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Potatoes; Carrots: Tomatoes: Cucumbers: Fruit: Ornamentals |
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Tea tree oil is suitable for use in all farming systems where approved for use in that country |
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562-74-3 |
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209-235-5 |
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- |
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- |
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154.25 |
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- |
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1-methyl-4-isopropyl-1-cyclohexen-4-ol |
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terpinen-4-ol |
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FLAVIS No. 02.072 |
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- |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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Not applicable |
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BM01 |
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- |
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Clear liquid |
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Timorex |
BioMor Latvija |
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Tea tree oil is usually supplied as an emulsifable concentrate that is diluted and used as a foliar spray |
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1767 |
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High |
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14.7 |
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211 |
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79 |
E3 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets 3 = Unverified data of known source (closed cup) |
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2.14 X 1003 |
Calculated |
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3.33 |
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High |
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0.933 |
E3 E = Manufacturers safety data sheets 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Not applicable |
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No dissociation |
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53200 |
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Highly volatile. If applied directly to plants or soil, drift is a concern & mitigation is advisable |
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4.64 |
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Moderately volatile |
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. |
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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Mobile |
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61.2 |
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EU dossier - estimated |
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None
Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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1300 |
Rat |
Moderate |
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> 1000 |
predicted data |
Low |
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HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION |
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High (class III) |
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1300 |
Rat |
Moderate |
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2500 |
Rabbit |
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Intraperitoneal LD₅₀ = 250 mg kg⁻¹ |
Mouse |
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Subcutaneous LD₅₀ = 750 mg kg⁻¹ |
Mouse |
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Carcinogen |
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Endocrine disruptor |
XNo, known not to cause a problem |
A0 A = Chromosome aberration (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; B0 B = DNA damage/repair (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; C0 C = Gene mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; D0 D = Genome mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data ; E0 E = Unspecified genotoxicity type (miscellaneous data source) 0 = No data |
No data found |
Reproduction / development effects |
Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor |
Neurotoxicant |
No data found |
No data found |
✓Yes, known to cause a problem |
Respiratory tract irritant |
Skin irritant |
Skin sensitiser |
✓Yes, known to cause a problem |
✓Yes, known to cause a problem |
✓Yes, known to cause a problem |
Eye irritant |
Phototoxicant |
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✓Yes, known to cause a problem |
No data found |
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Harmful is swallowed |
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Not explosive or oxidising |
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Health: H302, H315, H317, H319, H336 |
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Not listed (Not listed) |
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terpinen-4-ol |
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Record last updated: |
24/05/2024 |
Contact: |
aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: |
Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |